Table 3. Multivariable multistate models and factors associated with the risk of wasting (WLZ <-2SD) and underweight (WAZ <- 2SD) in the ANRS-PEDIACAM study, Cameroun, Nov. 2007- Dec.2015.
| Transitions | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Healthy- malnourished | Healthy-death | Malnourished-Healthy | ||||||||||
| aHR | L | U | P | aHR | L | U | P | aHR | L | U | P | |
| Factors associated with wasting (WLZ < - 2SD) | ||||||||||||
| Children’s groupe (ref = HEU) | ||||||||||||
| HI | 3.3 | 1.4 | 7.9 | 0.01 | 5.8 | 1.5 | 22.3 | 0.01 | 3.3 | 1.4 | 7.8 | 0.01 |
| HIL | 4.3 | 1.9 | 9.8 | < .001 | 14.8 | 4.1 | 53.0 | < .001 | 4.4 | 2.0 | 9.5 | < .001 |
| HUU | 0.7 | 0.3 | 1.5 | 0.31 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 4.8 | 0.35 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 1.9 | 0.96 |
| Children’s age (months, ref = (6–12]) | ||||||||||||
| (0–6] | 8.8 | 3.4 | 23.2 | < .001 | 2.2 | 1.1 | 4.7 | 0.03 | 5.3 | 2.4 | 12.0 | < .001 |
| (12–60] | 0.8 | 0.4 | 1.7 | 0.60 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | < .001 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 1.3 | 0.22 |
| Gender: Female | 0.7 | 0.4 | 1.2 | 0.26 | 1.4 | 0.8 | 2.7 | 0.26 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.9 | 0.02 |
| Hospitalisation before inclusion | 1.1 | 0.6 | 2.1 | 0.83 | 1.9 | 0.9 | 3.7 | 0.07 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.6 | < .001 |
| General signs during the visit | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.9 | 0.03 | ||||||||
| Chronic pathologies | 6.7 | 3.7 | 12.3 | < .001 | ||||||||
| Factors associated with underweight(WAZ < - 2SD) | ||||||||||||
| Children’s groupe (ref = HI) | ||||||||||||
| HEU | 1.4* | 0.6 | 3.2 | 0.43 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.8 | 0.03 | 1.9 | 1.0 | 3.5 | 0.04 |
| HIL | 2.2* | 1.0 | 4.9 | 0.05 | 1.4 | 0.5 | 4.4 | 0.53 | 1.6 | 0.9 | 2.8 | 0.12 |
| HUU | 0.3* | 0.1 | 1.0 | 0.04 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.6 | 0.01 | 1.8 | 0.8 | 4.0 | 0.15 |
| HEU: CD4 <25% | 0.2 | 0.0 | 2.6 | 0.24 | ||||||||
| HIL : CD4 <25% | 1.2 | 0.2 | 6.9 | 0.87 | ||||||||
| HUU: CD4 <25% | 0.0 | 0.0 | Inf | 0.53 | ||||||||
| CD4 (ref = ≥ 25%) | ||||||||||||
| < 25% | 3.0† | 1.3 | 7.3 | 0.01 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 1.1 | 0.14 | ||||
| < 25%: HEU | 0.5 | 0.0 | 6.1 | 0.58 | ||||||||
| < 25%: HIL | 1.6 | 0.3 | 10.3 | 0.61 | ||||||||
| < 25%: HUU | 0.0 | 0.0 | Inf | 0.68 | ||||||||
| Children’s age (months, ref = (6–12]) | ||||||||||||
| (0–6] | 2.7 | 1.4 | 5.2 | 0.00 | 1.3 | 0.3 | 4.9 | 0.74 | 1.8 | 1.0 | 3.1 | 0.04 |
| (12–60] | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.5 | < .001 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.8 | 0.02 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 1.0 | 0.07 |
| Sex: Female | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 0.00 | 2.4 | 0.8 | 6.8 | 0.11 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.9 | 0.01 |
| Professional activity of the mother (ref = paid activity) | ||||||||||||
| Training/student | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1.2 | 0.14 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.8 | 0.01 | ||||
| Housewife/unemployed | 0.9 | 0.6 | 1.5 | 0.73 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.9 | 0.01 | ||||
| Water supply at home | 0.7 | 0.5 | 1.1 | 0.17 | 1.5 | 1.0 | 2.2 | 0.04 | ||||
| Hospitalisation before inclusion | 1.9 | 1.2 | 2.9 | 0.01 | 0.8 | 0.3 | 2.4 | 0.74 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.9 | 0.02 |
| Chronic pathologies | 2.2 | 0.9 | 5.5 | 0.09 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.8 | 0.02 | ||||
*In children’ with more than 25% of CD4
†in HIV-infected infants; HI: HIV infected followed since birth; HIL: HIV infected diagnosed before 7 months old; HEU: HIV uninfected born to infected mothers; HUU: HIV uninfected born to uninfected mothers; WAZ: Weight-for-age Zscore; WLZ: Weight-for-length Zscore; SD: standard deviation; aHR: adjusted hazard risk; L: Lower bound of the confidence interval; U: Upper bound of the confidence interval; P: Pvalue; Inf: Value greater than 100.