Table 1.
Baseline characteristics before and after propensity-score matching
| Variable | Original data set |
Matched cohort set |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (n=1,693) | ONU (n=978) | LNU (n=715) | p-value | Total (n=1,276) | ONU (n=638) | LNU (n=638) | p-value | |
| Age (yr) | 65.00 (24.00-89.98) | 65.00 (24.00-89.98) | 65.00 (29.49-87.71) | 0.646 | 65.69 (24.00-89.98) | 66.00 (24.00-89.98) | 65.00 (29.49-86.00) | 0.842 |
| Sex | ||||||||
| Male | 1,247 (73.66) | 715 (73.11) | 532 (74.41) | 0.550 | 941 (73.75) | 460 (72.10) | 481 (75.39) | 0.190 |
| Female | 446 (26.34) | 263 (26.89) | 183 (25.59) | 335 (26.25) | 178 (27.90) | 157 (24.61) | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.21 (10.12-48.23) | 24.13 (10.12-48.23) | 24.42 (15.28-39.50) | 0.011 | 24.28 (10.12-48.23) | 24.23 (10.12-48.23) | 24.30 (15.28-37.97) | 0.899 |
| ASA score | ||||||||
| 1 | 419 (24.75) | 269 (27.51) | 150 (20.98) | < 0.001 | 298 (23.35) | 154 (24.14) | 144 (22.57) | 0.750 |
| 2 | 1,137 (67.16) | 619 (63.29) | 518 (72.45) | 890 (69.75) | 439 (68.81) | 451 (70.69) | ||
| 3 | 102 (6.02) | 60 (6.13) | 42 (5.87) | 77 (6.03) | 39 (6.11) | 38 (5.96) | ||
| Unknown | 35 (2.07) | 30 (3.07) | 5 (0.70) | 11 (0.86) | 6 (0.94) | 5 (0.78) | ||
| Previous bladder cancer | ||||||||
| No | 1,365 (80.63) | 776 (79.35) | 589 (82.38) | 0.163 | 1,028 (80.56) | 502 (78.68) | 526 (82.45) | 0.218 |
| Previous bladder tumor Hx. | 205 (12.11) | 135 (13.39) | 74 (10.35) | 161 (12.62) | 92 (14.42) | 69 (10.82) | ||
| Concomitant bladder tumor Hx. | 123 (7.27) | 71 (7.26) | 52 (7.27) | 87 (6.82) | 44 (6.90) | 43 (6.74) | ||
| Concomitant bladder cancer | ||||||||
| No | 1,570 (92.73) | 907 (92.74) | 663 (92.73) | 0.992 | 1,189 (93.18) | 594 (93.10) | 595 (93.26) | 0.914 |
| Yes | 123 (7.27) | 71 (7.26) | 52 (7.27) | 87 (6.82) | 44 (6.90) | 43 (6.74) | ||
| Tumor location | ||||||||
| Renal pelvis | 757 (44.71) | 431 (44.07) | 326 (45.59) | 0.033 | 573 (44.91) | 286 (44.83) | 287 (44.98) | 0.958 |
| Ureter | 643 (37.98) | 358 (36.61) | 285 (39.86) | 498 (39.03) | 246 (38.56) | 252 (39.50) | ||
| Both renal pelvis and ureter | 293 (17.31) | 189 (19.33) | 104 (14.55) | 205 (16.07) | 106 (16.61) | 99 (15.52) | ||
| Tumor grade | ||||||||
| I | 46 (2.72) | 28 (2.86) | 18 (2.52) | < 0.001 | 33 (2.59) | 16 (2.51) | 17 (2.66) | 0.647 |
| II | 536 (31.66) | 339 (34.66) | 197 (27.55) | 393 (30.80) | 198 (31.03) | 195 (30.56) | ||
| III | 427 (25.22) | 271 (27.71) | 156 (21.82) | 310 (24.29) | 159 (24.92) | 151 (23.67) | ||
| Missing/Unknown | 684 (40.40) | 340 (34.76) | 344 (48.11) | 540 (42.32) | 265 (41.54) | 275 (43.10) | ||
| Tumor grade II | ||||||||
| Low grade | 512 (30.24) | 284 (29.40) | 228 (31.89) | 0.341 | 381 (29.86) | 178 (27.90) | 203 (31.82) | 0.367 |
| High grade | 1,136 (67.10) | 670 (68.51) | 466 (65.17) | 863 (67.63) | 445 (69.75) | 418 (65.52) | ||
| Unknown | 45 (2.66) | 24 (2.45) | 21 (2.94) | 32 (2.51) | 15 (2.35) | 17 (2.66) | ||
| Pathological T category | ||||||||
| pTis/pTa | 255 (15.06) | 150 (15.34) | 105 (14.69) | 0.042 | 192 (15.05) | 98 (15.36) | 94 (14.73) | 0.868 |
| pT1 | 443 (26.17) | 247 (25.26) | 196 (27.41) | 339 (26.57) | 162 (25.39) | 177 (27.74) | ||
| pT2 | 290 (17.13) | 158 (16.16) | 132 (18.46) | 226 (17.71) | 112 (17.55) | 114 (17.87) | ||
| pT3 | 666 (39.34) | 394 (40.29) | 272 (38.04) | 500 (39.18) | 256 (40.13) | 244 (38.24) | ||
| pT4 | 35 (2.07) | 28 (2.86) | 7 (0.98) | 16 (1.25) | 9 (1.41) | 7 (1.10) | ||
| Unknown | 4 (0.24) | 1 (0.10) | 3 (0.42) | 3 (0.24) | 1 (0.16) | 2 (0.31) | ||
| Pathological N category | ||||||||
| pNx | 910 (53.75) | 537 (54.91) | 373 (52.17) | < 0.001 | 701 (54.94) | 354 (55.49) | 347 (54.39) | 0.606 |
| pN0 | 653 (38.57) | 342 (34.97) | 311 (43.50) | 515 (40.36) | 255 (39.97) | 260 (40.75) | ||
| pN1 | 130 (7.68) | 99 (10.12) | 31 (4.34) | 60 (4.70) | 29 (4.55) | 31 (4.86) | ||
| Concomitant LVI | ||||||||
| No | 1,325 (78.26) | 746 (76.28) | 579 (80.98) | 0.021 | 1,018 (79.78) | 507 (79.47) | 511 (80.09) | 0.774 |
| Yes | 368 (21.74) | 232 (23.72) | 136 (19.02) | 258 (20.22) | 131 (20.53) | 127 (19.91) | ||
| Concomitant CIS | ||||||||
| No | 1,454 (85.88) | 845 (86.40) | 609 (85.17) | 0.474 | 1,086 (85.11) | 538 (84.33) | 548 (85.89) | 0.420 |
| Yes | 239 (14.12) | 133 (13.60) | 106 (14.83) | 190 (14.89) | 100 (15.67) | 90 (14.11) | ||
| LN dissection | ||||||||
| Not performed | 910 (53.75) | 537 (54.91) | 373 (52.17) | 0.264 | 701 (54.94) | 354 (55.49) | 347 (54.39) | 0.697 |
| Performed | 783 (46.25) | 441 (45.09) | 342 (47.83) | 575 (45.06) | 284 (44.51) | 291 (45.61) | ||
| Adjuvant chemotherapy | ||||||||
| No | 1,310 (77.38) | 743 (75.97) | 567 (79.30) | 0.106 | 1,018 (79.78) | 510 (79.94) | 508 (79.62) | 0.884 |
| Yes | 383 (22.62) | 235 (24.03) | 148 (20.70) | 258 (20.22) | 128 (20.06) | 130 (20.38) | ||
| Length of follow-up (mo) | 45.27 (0.10-184.37) | 49.51 (0.10-184.37) | 41.13 (0.23-157.91) | < 0.001 | 40.45 (0.10-184.37) | 37.79 (0.10-184.37) | 44.25 (0.23-157.91) | 0.053 |
Propensity-score matching variables: age, BMI, ASA score, tumor location, tumor grade, pathological T category, pathological N category. ONU, open nephroureterectomy; LNU, open nephroureterectomy; LVI, lymphovascular invasion; CIS, carcinoma in situ; LN, lymph node; BMI, body mass index; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists.