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. 2019 Jul 18;9:10437. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-46995-y

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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An immediate and sustained reduction in BChE activity occurs following major traumatic injury. (a) Scatter plot represents ISS scores obtained from trauma patients upon arrival to the emergency department (b) Data points represent BChE activity measured from 10 healthy volunteers (ctrl., open circles) and 44 major trauma patients at the hospital admission (closed circles). (c) The activity of BChE measured in injured patients 12, 24 and 48 hours following hospital admission significantly decreased, when compared to the initial measurement at hospital admission. (d) BChE activity data shown in (c), normalized to the initial value obtained at hospital admission. (e) Concurrent measurement of CRP activity revealed a continuous increase starting 12 h after hospital admission. (f) The initial elevation in WBCC decreased 12 hours later and remained constant throughout the observation period. Grey lines in (a,b) are medians. Error bars are interquartile range. **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001 (Friedman test followed by Dunn’s multiple comparisons test); ISS – Injury Severity Score; ctrl. – control (healthy volunteers); CRP – C-reactive protein; WBCC – white blood cell count.