Table 2.

Correlation between new advanced endoscopic techniques and histology.

Study	Disease	N patient	Technique	Histological index	Endomicroscopy findings	Outcome
Li et al.76	UC	73	CLE	Geboes Index	Crypt architecture, fluorescein leakage, microvascular alteration	p < 0.001a
Karstensen et al.80	UC	22	CLE	Geboes Index	Fluorescein leakage, micro-erosions, crypt tortuosity, crypt openings, crypt density, inflammatory infiltrates	p < 0.001b
Hundorfean et al.82	UC	23	CLE	Gupta score	Crypt number, lumen leakage and perivascular leakage	rs = 0.82,c p < 0.0001
Bessho et al.84	UC	55	EC	Matt’s score	Shape of crypts, distance between neighbouring crypts and visibility of superficial microvessels	r = 0.713,b p < 0.001
Nakazato et al.85	UC	64	EC	Geboes Index <2	Shape of the crypts, distance between neighbouring crypts, visibility of superficial microvessels	κ = 0.72
Neumann et al.86	IBD	40	pEC	Riley	Neutrophils, basophiles, eosinophilic granulocytes and lymphocytes.	κ = 0.81–1.00
Ueda et al.87	UC	32	EC	Severe mucosal inflammation, crypt abscess, goblet cell depletion	Regular arrangement of round to oval pits, irregular arrangement with/without enlarged spaces between regular pits, deformed pits with distorted crypt lumen, disruptive or disappeared pits.	p < 0.0005d p < 0.01 p < 0.001

^aSpearman’s rho correlation and ANOVA, p < 0.01 was considered statistically significant.

^bSpearman rank test.

^cPearson’s correlation.

^dp < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

CLE, confocal laser endomicroscopy; EC, endocytoscopy; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; pEC, probe endocytoscopy; UC, ulcerative colitis.