Table 1.
Fusarium culmorum MCf 21 wild‐type and eight independent TRI6 inverted repeat transgene (IRT) co‐transformants. Section 1 contains data from Southern analysis, suggesting the presence of several IRT types which are defined here as follows: ideal IRT, a TRI6 IRT expressed by a single promoter and bound by a single terminator; promoter‐bound IRT, a terminator‐less TRI6 IRT driven by dual gpdA promoters; terminator‐bound IRT, a promoter‐less TRI6 IRT bound on either side by trpC terminators. Section 2 shows the production of deoxynivalenol (DON) and its acetylated derivatives (3‐AcDON and 15‐AcDON) and the severity of foot and crown rot in durum wheat.
| Strain | 1 | 2 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ideal IRT | Promoter‐bound IRT | Terminator‐bound IRT | Various TRI6 fragments | Northern TRI6 smear | Total DON (ng/mL)* | Difference of means | Disease index (0–100)† | Difference of means | |
| 21 wt | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | No | 878.1 ± 41.6 | 69.2 ± 4.5 | ||
| 252 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Yes | 49.0 ± 22.0 | −829.1 | 30.4 ± 6.7**‡ | −38.75 |
| 253 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Yes | 0 | −878.1 | 44.6 ± 5.4** | −24.58 |
| 266 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1§ | Yes | 27.6 ± 12.6 | −850.5 | 37.1 ± 5.3** | −32.08 |
| 282 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | No | 48.2 ± 21.6 | −829.9 | 69.6 ± 5.1 | 0.42 |
| 255 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Yes | 12 783 ± 830** | 11 905.0 | 97.9 ± 1.6** | 28.75 |
| 256 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Yes | 24 341 ± 5400** | 23 463.4 | 99.6 ± 0.4** | 30.42 |
| 257 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Yes | 12 473 ± 3 231** | 11 594.9 | 100** | 30.83 |
| 260 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | No | 12 008 ± 2 637** | 11 129.7 | 98.3 ± 1.7** | 29.17 |
Pooled data from two independent experiments (P= 0.468) are expressed as the sum of DON and its acetylated derivatives (ng/mL of culture broth) ± mean SE after 2 weeks of growth in Vogel's medium.
Pooled data from two independent experiments, carried out in 2008 and 2009 using wheat cultivars Prometeo and Solex, respectively (P= 0.799), are expressed as disease incidence (McKinney index 0–100; McKinney, 1923) ± mean SE 3 weeks after inoculation and sowing under glasshouse conditions.
Values in each column followed by two asterisks are significantly different from the MCf 21 wild‐type control by Dunnett's test (P < 0.001).
Transformant 266 represents an insertion of the IRT at the native TRI6 locus.