Figure 2.

The monolignol biosynthetic pathway. The enzymes are as follows: CAD, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase; CCoAOMT, caffeoyl CoA 3‐O‐methyl transferase; CCR, cinnamoyl CoA reductase; C3H, 4‐coumaroylshikimate 3‐hydroxylase; C4H, cinnamate 4‐hydroxylase; 4CL, 4‐coumarate:CoA ligase; COMT, caffeic acid O‐methyltransferase; DP, dirigent protein; F5H, ferulic acid 5‐hydroxylase; HCT, hydroxycinnamoyl CoA:shikimate hydroxycinnamoyl transferase; LAC, laccase; PAL, l‐phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase; PER, peroxidase; PLR, pinoresinol/lariciresinol reductase; SIRD, secoisolariciresinol dehydrogenase.