Figure 12.

TNFα/MCP-1 cascade as a mechanism of MOv18 IgE functions in vivo. Activation of monocytes/macrophages by MOv18 IgE mediates a TNFα/MCP-1 axis. Cross-linking of IgE upregulates monocyte/macrophage TNFα. TNFα in turn promotes the release of the chemoattractant MCP-1 by monocytes/macrophages and tumour cells in the TME, which could promote potent chemotaxis of further monocytes/macrophages into tumors, resulting in enhanced tumor cell–effector cell interactions and subsequent tumor cell death. Figure adapted by permission from the American Association for Cancer Research. (Josephs, D.H. et al. Anti-Folate Receptor-α IgE but not IgG Recruits Macrophages to Attack Tumors via TNFα/MCP-1 Signaling. Cancer Res. 2017, 77, 1127–1141 [186]).