Table 2. Low-Lying Excited States of Small Conjugated Molecules.

molecule	model	spin gap (eV)	ΔST (eV)	singlet gap (eV)	μ (Debye)/f
a	PPP	1.88	0.81	2.69	1.1
				3.48	1.9
				3.60	2.3
				4.21	1.5
a	TDDFT	1.13	1.94	3.08	0.0
				3.84	0.1
				4.16	0.1
c	PPP	1.2	0.27	1.47	0.57
				2.70	1.21
				3.08	1.46
c	TDDFT	1.13	0.96	2.1	0.0
				2.88	0.01
				3.62	0.05