Table 1. Baseline characteristics of study population.
| Variables | HIV-Positive n = 148 (59.7%) |
HIV-Negative n = 100 (40.3%) |
P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 29.1 ± 6.1 | 28.9 ± 6.4 | 0.804* |
| 15–19 | 14 (46.7) | 16 (53.3) | 0.299† |
| 20–30 | 82 (61.2) | 52 (38.8) | |
| >30Years | 52 (61.9) | 32 (38.1) | |
| History of sharing razors blades and pins | <0.0001‡ | ||
| Ever | 60 (78.9) | 16 (21.1) | |
| Never | 88 (51.1) | 84 (48.9) | |
| History of blood transfusion | 0.408‡ | ||
| Ever | 28 (77.8) | 8 (22.2) | |
| Never | 120 (56.6) | 92 (43.4) | |
| Period of HIV diagnosis | N/A | ||
| Before pregnancy | 34 (23.0) | - | |
| During pregnancy | 114 (77.0) | - | |
| If during pregnancy, at what stage? | N/A | ||
| First trimester | 14 (12.3) | - | |
| Second trimester | 60 (52.6) | - | |
| Third trimester | 40 (35.1) | - | |
| Medication used | |||
| 3TC+AZT+EFV | 4 (2.7) | - | N/A |
| 3TC+TDF+EFV | 12 (8.1) | - | N/A |
| 3TC+AZT+NVP | 132 (89.2) | - | N/A |
| Marital status | 0.039‡ | ||
| Single | 44 (71.0) | 18 (29.0) | |
| Married | 104 (55.9) | 82 (44.1) | |
| Employment status | 0.007† | ||
| Formal | 14 (50.0) | 14 (50.0) | |
| Informal | 100 (56.2) | 78 (43.8) | |
| Unemployed | 34 (81.0) | 8 (19.0) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.90 ± 3.91 | 23.17 ± 3.55 | <0.0001* |
| Underweight | 16 (72.7) | 6 (27.3) | <0.0001† |
| Normal | 64 (45.7) | 76 (54.3) | |
| Overweight | 68 (79.1) | 18 (20.9) | |
| Haematology | |||
| Haemoglobin (g/dl) | 9.7 ± 1.81 | 10.75 ± 1.68 | <0.0001* |
| WBC (103/μL) | 5.60 ± 1.81 | 7.23 ± 2.13 | <0.0001* |
| Platelet count (103/μL) | 220.62 ± 86.73 | 209.38 ± 65.59 | 0.272* |
Continuous data is presented as Mean ± SD. Categorical data is presented as frequency (%).
Chi square† and Fisher‡ exact test was performed to compare categorical variables.
*Independent t-test was performed to compare continuous variables.
Lamivudine (3TC), Zidovudine (AZT), Nevirapine (NVP), Tenofovir (TDF), Efavirenz (EFV). N/A: Not applicable, p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant (p values of significant variables are in bold print).