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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Drug Alcohol Rev. 2019 Jul;38(5):494–502. doi: 10.1111/dar.12959

Figure 1. Event Study Results.

Figure 1

Figure 1

Notes: “0” on the x-axis, indicating the quarter when policy adopted, was omitted from the regression to provide a reference category. The positive numbers on the x-axis indicate the number of quarters after policy implementation, and negative numbers indicate the number of quarters before policy implementation. Panels A-C present event studies for PDMP data access to benzodiazepine records. Panels D-F present event studies for mandatory use of PDMP data for benzodiazepines. Nonsignificant coefficients on the y-axis for quarters prior to policy implementation indicate parallel time trends prior to policy implementation between states with and without the policy. Florida was excluded from this study.