Table 1. The lowest significant dose (LSDs) and IC50 doses of cisplatin (CSP), cyclophosphamide (CYCLO) and chlorambucil (CLB) which reduced ATP levels and increased caspase 3 activity (CASP 3) when compared to the vehicle control (P ≤ 0.05) in two lymphoid (Jurkat and CCRF-CEM) and two myeloid (THP1 and KG-1a) leukaemia cell lines; and two non-tumour control hematopoietic stem cells (CD34+ HSCs and CD133+ HSCs).
| Cell type | Doses | CSP | CYCLO | CLB | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ATP | CASP 3 | ATP | CASP 3 | ATP | CASP 3 | |||
| Lymphoid Cells | Jurkat | LSD | 0.01 μM | 0.01 μM | 2 μM | 10 μM | 10 μM | 10 μM |
| IC50 | 0.4 μM | 4.5 μM | >50 μM | 50 μM | >50 μM | >50 μM | ||
| CCRF-CEM | LSD | 2 μM | 0.4 μM | 10 μM | 10 μM | 0.01 μM | 10 μM | |
| IC50 | 15 μM | 6 μM | >50 μM | >50 μM | 6.5 μM | >50 μM | ||
| Myeloid Cells | THP1 | LSD | 0.01 μM | 0.01 μM | 0.4 μM | 2 μM | 0.4 μM | 0.4 μM |
| IC50 | 5.5 μM | 5 μM | >50 μM | >50 μM | >50 μM | >50 μM | ||
| KG1a | LSD | 2 μM | 2 μM | 50 μM | 50 μM | 10 μM | 10 μM | |
| IC50 | >50 μM | >50 μM | >50 μM | >50 μM | >50 μM | >50 μM | ||
| Non-Tumor Control Cells | CD34+ HSCs | LSD | 0.4 μM | 0.4 μM | 2 μM | 2 μM | 2 μM | 10 μM |
| IC50 | 10 μM | >50 μM | >50 μM | >50 μM | 40 μM | >50 μM | ||
| CD133+ HSCs | LSD | 0.4 μM | 2 μM | 10 μM | 10 μM | 10 μM | 10 μM | |
| IC50 | 40 μM | 30 μM | >50 μM | >50 μM | >50 μM | >50 μM | ||
The LSDs for ATP levels where used in subsequent investigation of combination treatments on cell-cycle progression, ATP and glutathione levels and DNA damage. The LSDs for caspase 3 activity were used for further investigation of apoptosis.