Table 1.
Individuals’ characteristics
| Total number of individuals | 1057 | |
| Number individuals with n samples (%) | 3 | 645 (61.0) |
| 4 | 412 (39.0) | |
| Age at first HIV-1 DNA sample in years (median [IQR]) | 41.0 [35.0, 48.0] | |
| Ethnicity (%) | White | 840 (79.5) |
| Non-white | 217 (20.5) | |
| Sex (%) | Male | 803 (76.0) |
| Female | 254 (24.0) | |
| Transmission group by sex (%) | MSM | 524 (49.6) |
| HET male | 209 (19.8) | |
| HET female | 196 (18.5) | |
| PWID male | 54 (5.1) | |
| PWID female | 28 (2.6) | |
| Other male | 22 (2.1) | |
| Other female | 24 (2.3) | |
| Time of untreated HIV-1 infection in years (%) | <1 | 173 (16.4) |
| 1–3 | 285 (27.0) | |
| 3–5 | 123 (11.6) | |
| 5–7 | 280 (26.5) | |
| >7 | 196 (18.5) | |
| Time on ART at first HIV-1 DNA sample in years (median [IQR]) | 1.49 [1.28, 1.70] | |
| Time from ART initiation to below <50 HIV-1 RNA copies/ml in years (median [IQR]) | 0.33 [0.22, 0.49] | |
| CD4+ cell count pre-ART/μl blood (median [IQR]) | 203.0 [93.5, 287.0] | |
| Log 10 HIV-1 plasma RNA pre-ART/ml plasma (median [IQR]) | 4.91 [4.38, 5.39] | |
| HIV-1 RNA (180 days after ART initiation - 1st HIV-1 DNA sample) (%) | <50 copies/ml | 822 (78.8) |
| Viral blips | 130 (12.5) | |
| Low-level viremia | 91 (8.7) | |
| HIV-1 RNA (first to third HIV-1 DNA sample) (%) | <50 copies/ml | 712 (67.4) |
| Viral blips | 260 (24.6) | |
| Low-level viremia | 85 (8.0) | |
| First ART regimen (%) | NNRTI based | 555 (52.5) |
| Boosted PI based | 502 (47.5) | |
| HIV-1 subtype available (%) | 880 (83.3) | |
| HIV-1 subtype (%) | B | 627 (71.2) |
| 01_AE | 65 (7.4) | |
| 02_AG | 41 (4.7) | |
| A | 39 (4.4) | |
| C | 36 (4.1) | |
| Recombinant | 27 (3.1) | |
| D | 12 (1.4) | |
| F | 12 (1.4) | |
| G | 12 (1.4) | |
| 06_CPX | 2 (0.2) | |
| 11_CPX | 2 (0.2) | |
| 18_CPX | 1 (0.1) | |
| 12_BF | 1 (0.1) | |
| 19_CPX | 1 (0.1) | |
| 20_BG | 1 (0.1) | |
| H | 1 (0.1) |
The time of untreated HIV-1 infection was calculated using the estimated HIV-1 infection dates. Pre-ART log10 HIV-1 RNA copies/ml plasma and pre-ART CD4+ cell count/μl blood refer to the last laboratory values available before initiation of ART. Transmission group stratified by sex indicates the self-reported route of infection (men who have sex with men (MSM), heterosexual (HET), people who inject drugs (PWID), and other (including unknown, and transfusions)). The HIV-1 subtypes were determined using population sequencing. ART antiretroviral therapy, NNRTI nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors, boosted PI boosted protease inhibitor