Table 3.

Influence of 30-min or 60-min equilibration in 0 (control), 0.5, 2.0, or 5.0 mM of AICAR on percentages of acrosome integrity, acrosome reaction, and high mitochondrial membrane potential in fresh or frozen-thawed epididymal cat spermatozoa. Values are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 10 cats)

Metrics		Fresh	Control	0.5 mM AICAR	2.0 mM AICAR	5.0 mM AICAR
Acrosome integrity (%)	Cooled sperm	66.4 ± 7.2A
	30 min		54.0 ± 4.6B,C,a	55.6 ± 2.6B,C,a	50.6 ± 6.3C,a	46.6 ± 7.2C,a
	60 min		55.7 ± 2.2B,C,a	50.5 ± 4.6C,a	51.1 ± 4.1C,a	41.0 ± 4.8D,b
	Cryopreserved sperm		46.4 ± 3.1A,B,a	49.5 ± 4.4B,a	43.7 ± 5.6A,C,a	40.1 ± 3.8C,a
	30 min		43.1 ± 5.2A,a	43.2 ± 2.9A,b	42.9 ± 4.9A,a	37.8 ± 1.5B,a
	60 min
Acrosome reaction (%)	Cooled sperm	24.2 ± 5.2A
	30 min		32.4 ± 3.8A,B,a	38.3 ± 5.1B,a	36.7 ± 6.6A,a	45.4 ± 6.2C,a
	60 min		38.2 ± 3.7B,b	40.2 ± 3.9B,a	37.9 ± 3.1B,a	45.6 ± 6.2C,a
	Cryopreserved sperm
	30 min		37.5 ± 4.4A,a	41.2 ± 4.9A,B,a	39.6 ± 5.8A,a	45.3 ± 1.5B,a
	60 min		45.8 ± 3.7A,b	47.3 ± 5.6A,b	40.4 ± 2.3B,a	49.9 ± 4.7A,a
High mitochondrial membrane potential (%)	Cooled sperm	67.6 ± 3.9A
	30 min		62.8 ± 2.6A,a	63.4 ± 4.5A,a	55.2 ± 4.1B,a	51.6 ± 4.4B,a
	60 min		54.1 ± 2.7B,b	55.8 ± 4.0B,b	53.5 ± 4.5B,a	47.3 ± 4.5C,b
	Cryopreserved sperm		53.7 ± 3.7A,a	55.8 ± 5.3A,a	50.1 ± 3.9A,a	44.1 ± 4.2B,a
	30 min		49.8 ± 2.2A,a	51.1 ± 4.6A,a	49.5 ± 4.8A,a	41.3 ± 5.1B,a
	60 min

Fresh sample data were only compared with cooled samples

Within the same row, values with different uppercase letters between treatment groups are statistically different (P ≤ 0.05)

Within a treatment group, values with lowercase letters between incubation times are statistically different (P ≤ 0.05)