Figure 3.

Histograms depicting variability in changes in behavioral factors that are known to influence overall health and fitness following the completion of 24 weeks of exercise training (EX) or a control period (CON). All data were collected from a previously published randomized controlled trial (Ross et al., 2015). Variability in changes in Canadian Healthy Eating Index Scores (A), sedentary time (B), energy intake (C), and total physical activity (D). The EX and CON groups presented in this figure are the same groups presented in Figure 1. See Ross et al. (2013) for more information regarding the measurement of these behavioral outcomes. SD_CON and SD_EX values represent the variability in observed responses to CON and EX, respectively. SD_IR values were calculated using equation 8. Negative SD_IR values reflect situations where SD_CON exceeded SD_EX, and SD_IR was therefore calculated by switching SD_CON and SD_EX in equation 8. As recommended by Hopkins (Hopkins, 2015), effect sizes of SD_IR values (ES_IR) were calculated by dividing SD_IR values by baseline SD (see Hopkins (2015) for effect size category cut‐points). As previously recommended (Hopkins et al., 2009; Swinton et al., 2018; Hecksteden et al., 2018), minimum meaningful change (MMC) thresholds were determined by multiplying baseline SD by 0.2. The arrows indicate the mean observed response for each behavioral variable.