Table 3.
Standardized Parameter Estimates for the Single- and Multilevel-CFA Models
| Factor Loading | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Approach 1 | Approach 2 | Approach 3 | Approach 4 | ||
| Within-level | Between-level | ||||
| English PA Factor by: | |||||
| EBP | .777 (.022) | .698 (.028) | .907 (.023) | .699 (.027) | .958 (.025) |
| EPE | .753 (.022) | .729 (.024) | .839 (.032) | .745 (.023) | .946 (.038) |
| ESW | .648 (.027) | .535 (.030) | .860 (.028) | .532 (.030) | .942 (.035) |
| Spanish PA Factor by: | |||||
| SBP | .735 (.025) | .692 (.030) | .835 (.034) | .691 (.030) | .866 (.056) |
| SPE | .704 (.028) | .715 (.026) | .728 (.047) | .727 (.025) | .752 (.073) |
| SSW | .783 (.025) | .725 (.031) | .898 (.031) | .724 (.031) | .986 (.045) |
| English Reading by: | |||||
| ELW | .909 (.011) | .881 (.012) | .935 (.021) | .884 (.012) | .964 (.026) |
| EWA | .864 (.013) | .848 (.013) | .909 (.024) | .860 (.012) | .929 (.028) |
| Spanish Reading by: | |||||
| SLW | .949 (.010) | .945 (.010) | .963 (.022) | .947 (.010) | .996 (.022) |
| SWA | .941 (.010) | .909 (.011) | .944 (.023) | .917 (.011) | .982 (.023) |
| English PA Factor with: | |||||
| Spanish PA Factor | .798 (.025) | .855 (.017) | .626 (.064) | .857 (.017) | .505 (.135) |
| English Reading | .819 (.023) | .840 (.023) | .781 (.044) | .845 (.022) | .789 (.052) |
| Spanish Reading | .437 (.047) | .597 (.031) | .057 (.095) | .608 (.030) | −.113 (.141) |
| Spanish PA Factor with: | |||||
| English Reading | .618 (.040) | .738 (.032) | .255 (.097)* | .746 (.030) | .072 (.163) |
| Spanish Reading | .700 (.038) | .766 (.027) | .594 (.067) | .773 (.026) | .558 (.131) |
| English Reading with: | |||||
| Spanish Reading | .539 (.042) | .713 (.021) | .110 (.093) | .717 (.021) | −.148 (.131) |
| Correlated residuals: | |||||
| EBP with SBP | .611 (.029) | .618 (.030) | .627 (.082) | .621 (.029) | .856 (.191) |
| EPE with SPE | .448 (.036) | .391 (.035) | .546 (.075) | .386 (.036) | .877 (.242) |
| ESW with SSW | .163 (.046) | .177 (.041) | .121 (.142) | .189 (.040) | −.035 (.987) |
| ELW with SLW | −.007 (.073) | −.130 (.081) | .095 (.235) | −.126 (.080) | .798 (1.820) |
| EWA with SWA | .128 (.055)* | .137 (.046) | .001 (.188) | .134 (.048)* | .205 (.260) |
Note. Standard errors appear in parentheses. The top section of the table provides the standardized factor loadings for the four models. The bottom section of the table provides the correlations between the factors for the four models. EBP= English blending phonemes; EPE= English phoneme elision; ESW= English segmenting words; SBP= Spanish blending phonemes SPE= Spanish phoneme elision; SSW= Spanish segmenting words; ELW= English letter-word identification; EWA= English word attack; SLW= Spanish letter-word identification; and SWA= Spanish word attack.
Statistically significant at p<.05
bolded entries are not statistically significant at p < .05, all other elements are statistically significant a p < .001.