Table 1.

Baseline characteristics, before and after propensity score matching

	Before matching			Propensity-score matched
	No OAC (n = 52 094)	OAC (n = 39 160)	Standardized differences	No OAC (n = 23 746)	OAC (n = 23 746)	Standardized differences
Age, mean	57.1	61.4	−0.411	60.8	61.5	−0.079
Female sex	35.1%	29.1%	0.129	29.9%	30.7%	−0.017
CHA2DS2-VASc, mean	0.83	0.95	−0.174	0.88	0.91	−0.042
>1 year since first AF diagnosis	20.5%	20.7%	−0.004	18.7%	19.7%	−0.024
Myocardial infarction	1.7%	1.2%	0.041	1.2%	1.3%	−0.001
Peripheral artery disease	0.6%	0.9%	−0.027	0.4%	0.5%	−0.014
Heart failure	2.6%	8.8%	−0.267	2.5%	2.8%	−0.016
Any valvular disease	3.7%	10.6%	−0.269	3.7%	4.4%	−0.035
Pacemaker/ICD	3.2%	4.7%	−0.076	2.8%	3.2%	−0.023
Hypertension	13.5%	15.1%	−0.046	15.3%	15.3%	0.002
Diabetes	2.0%	2.3%	−0.016	1.7%	1.9%	−0.016
Renal disease	0.9%	0.6%	0.038	0.5%	0.4%	0.005
Liver disease	1.8%	0.8%	0.090	0.5%	0.6%	−0.006
Hospitalization for bleeding	5.7%	4.4%	0.058	3.2%	3.4%	−0.012
Venous thromboembolism	1.7%	4.7%	−0.174	2.0%	2.1%	−0.010
Hypothyroidism	2.8%	2.4%	0.020	1.9%	2.1%	−0.010
Thyrotoxicosis	1.5%	1.8%	−0.023	1.2%	1.4%	−0.019
Osteoarthritis	10.5%	12.4%	−0.059	12.1%	12.6%	−0.016
Parkinson’s disease	0.4%	0.3%	0.010	0.3%	0.3%	−0.012
COPD	3.3%	3.0%	0.013	2.0%	2.4%	−0.028
Alcohol index	6.0%	2.6%	0.169	2.2%	2.5%	−0.018
Cancer ≤3 years	7.0%	4.0%	0.131	4.2%	4.4%	−0.007
Frequent falls	1.3%	0.9%	0.044	0.6%	0.7%	−0.013
Drugs used at baseline
ACE inhibitor or ARB	17.6%	34.5%	−0.394	23.1%	23.2%	−0.003
Diuretic	11.3%	22.5%	−0.303	12.4%	13.1%	−0.020
Statin	14.0%	18.1%	−0.114	15.7%	16.5%	−0.023
Nitrates	5.0%	4.6%	0.006	4.1%	4.4%	−0.016
Beta blocker	59.8%	82.5%	−0.516	78.2%	78.6%	−0.010
Antiarrhythmic drug Class 1 or 3	5.5%	6.3%	−0.035	5.6%	6.7%	−0.047
Digoxin	4.1%	16.9%	−0.428	4.8%	5.3%	−0.026