IRF1 deficiency restricts the development of atherosclerosis. ApoE-/- and ApoE-/-IRF1-/- mice were fed a western diet for 16 weeks. A and C, Images and quantification of Oil Red O staining in lesions of aortic sinus. Scale bar = 200 μm. B and D, Oil Red O staining of thoracoabdominal aorta, and lipid accumulation was quantified as percentage of total surface area of aorta. E, Representative images of aortic sinus for Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE), Masson's trichrome (Masson), Elastica van Gieson (EVG), smooth muscle cells (α-SMA) and macrophages (F4/80). Scale bar = 50 μm. F-K, Quantification of collagen content, fibrous cap area, necrotic core area, ruptures of elastic fibers, macrophage content and smooth muscle cell content. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n=12 per group). Student's t test was used to produce the P values given in figure.