Table 2.
Clinical and microbiological characteristics of patients with and without M. tuberculosis rpoA or rpoC mutations and ORs of having mutations in rpoA and rpoC genes
|
rpoA or rpo C mutations
|
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All (n = 174) | Yes (n = 35) | No (n = 139) | |||
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | OR (95%CI) | P value | |
| Age, years, mean ± SD | 39.1 ± 16 | 35.2 ± 13.9 | 40.1 ± 16.3 | 0.98 (0.95–1.01) | 0.115 |
| Female sex | 80 (46) | 22 (62.9) | 58 (41.7) | 2.25 (1.05–4.83) | 0.038 |
| Race* | |||||
| Asian | 104 (59.8) | 20 (57.1) | 84 (60.4) | 1.00 | — |
| White | 63 (36.2) | 14 (40) | 49 (35.3) | 1.20 (0.51–2.76) | 0.782 |
| African American | 4 (2.3) | 1 (2.9) | 3 (2.2) | 1.40 (0.03–18.50) | 1.000 |
| Unknown | 3 (1.7) | 0 | 3 (2.2) | — | — |
| Hispanic ethnicity | 55 (31.6) | 12 (34.3) | 43 (30.9) | 1.15 (0.53–2.53) | 0.723 |
| Prior anti-tuberculosis treatment | 46 (26.4) | 10 (28.6) | 36 (25.9) | 1.16 (0.50–2.69) | 0.727 |
| HIV infection* | 5 (2.9) | 0 | 5 (3.6) | — | — |
| Diabetes mellitus* | 7 (4) | 0 | 7 (5) | — | — |
| BCG vaccination | 33 (19) | 5 (14.3) | 28 (20.1) | 0.66 (0.24–1.86) | 0.432 |
| Homeless in last 12 months* | 7 (4) | 1 (2.9) | 6 (4.3) | 0.65 (0.01–5.68) | 1.000 |
| Correctional facility at time of diagnosis* | 5 (2.9) | 3 (8.6) | 2 (1.4) | 6.23 (0.69–77.50) | 0.115 |
| Long-term facility at time of diagnosis* | 2 (1.1) | 0 | 2 (1.4) | — | — |
| Injecting drug use in last 12 months* | 2 (1.1) | 1 (2.9) | 1 (0.7) | 4.05 (0.05–323.40) | 0.721 |
| Excessive alcohol use in last 12 months* | 22 (12.6) | 4 (11.4) | 18 (12.9) | 0.91 (0.21–3.04) | 1.000 |
| M. tuberculosis lineages* | |||||
| East-Asian | 70 (40.2) | 12 (34.3) | 58 (41.7) | 1.00 | — |
| Euro-American | 69 (39.7) | 15 (42.9) | 54 (38.8) | 1.34 (0.53–3.45) | 0.638 |
| Indo-Oceanic | 33 (19) | 6 (17.1) | 27 (19.4) | 1.07 (0.30–3.50) | 1.000 |
| East-African Indian | 2 (1.1) | 2 (5.7) | 0 | — | — |
| Isoniazid resistance-associated mutations in:† | |||||
| katG S315T | 124 (71.3) | 31 (88.6) | 93 (66.9) | 3.83 (1.28–11.50) | 0.016 |
| inhA promoter ‡ | 40 (23) | 4 (11.4) | 36 (25.9) | 0.37 (0.12–1.12) | 0.078 |
| Rifampin resistance-associated mutations | |||||
| rpoB S531L | 105 (60.3) | 29 (82.9) | 76 (54.7) | 4.01 (1.56–10.30) | 0.003 |
| No rpoB S531L and wt rpoB§ | 69 (39.7) | 6 (17.1) | 63 (45.3) | 1 | — |
As expected cell counts were <5, OR, (95%CI) and P values were calculated using exact logistic regression.
10 isolates did not have mutations in katG or inhA.
36 isolates had a mutation −15T, 2 isolates −8A, and 2 isolates −17T.
There were six isolates with wt rpoB and 63 cases with 68 rpoB mutations other than S531L (five patients had two mutations each): H526D (n = 18), H526Y (n = 12), D516V (n= 8), H526R (n= 5), L533P (n= 3) Q513L (n= 2), D516Y (n= 2), N519K (n= 2), H526A (n= 2), H526C (n= 2), H526L (n= 2), H526Q (n= 1), Q510L (n = 1), L511P (n = 1), Q513K (n = 1), D516F (n = 1), S522L (n = 1), 525del (n = 1), H526N (n = 1), K527P (n = 1), H526S (n = 1). Five patients had two mutations and the following combinations: D516V and Q510L, D516Y and 525del, H526N and Q513L, H526Q and L533P, H526S and K527P.
OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval; SD = standard deviation; HIV = human immunodeficiency virus; BCG = bacille Calmette-Guérin; wt = wild-type.