Table 2.

Effect of the interactive balance training on outcome parameters

Parameters	Control Group			Intervention Group			P valueb	Effect sizec
	Baseline n=10	Follow Up n=10	% changea	Baseline n=9	Follow Up n=9	% changea
Balance
Feet close – eyes open
CoM sway, ML, cm	2.26 ± 1.27	1.78 ± 0.91	21.2	2.72 ±1.42	1.21 ± 0.45	55.5	.022	.286
CoM sway, AP, cm	1.48 ± 1.00	1.53 ± 0.87	− 3.4	1.61 ± 0.95	1.33 ± 0.86	17.4	.251	.081
Hip sway, deg2	2.34 ± 2.11	1.35 ± 0.97	42.3	2.00 ± 1.91	0.65 ± 0.37	67.5	.010	.344
Ankle sway, deg2	2.10 ± 1.89	1.65 ± 1.25	21.4	2.92 ± 4.01	0.93 ± 1.03	68.2	.011	.338
Semi tandem – eyes open
CoM sway, ML, cm	2.13 ± 0.81	2.47 ± 1.37	−15.9	3.15 ± 1.54	1.65 ± 0.65	47.6	.035	.264
CoM sway, AP, cm	1.99 ± 1.57	1.94 ± 1.17	2.5	2.23 ± 1.06	1.25 ± 0.48	43.9	.012	.355
Hip sway, deg2	1.94 ± 1.84	2.15 ± 1.71	−10.8	3.22 ± 3.58	0.81 ± 0.67	74.8	.008	.388
Ankle sway, deg2	1.84 ± 1.70	1.97 ± 1.43	−7.1	3.77 ± 3.41	1.01 ± 0.91	73.2	.294	.069
Feet close – eyes closed
CoM sway, ML, cm	2.34 ± 1.27	2.53 ± 1.14	−8.1	3.78 ± 1.64	2.46 ± 1.36	34.9	.304	.070
CoM sway, AP, cm	1.74 ± 1.13	1.99 ± 1.45	−14.4	2.60 ±1.15	2.39 ± 1.91	8.07	.550	.024
Hip sway, deg2	2.68 ± 3.45	3.06 ± 2.82	−14.2	4.22 ± 3.47	2.57 ± 2.24	39.1	.305	.070
Ankle sway, deg2	2.42 ± 2.14	3.10 ± 2.99	−28.1	5.96 ± 5.14	4.49 ± 6.65	24.7	.277	.078
Gait
Speed, m/sec	1.03 ± 0.17	1.07 ± 0.20	3.9	0.85 ± 0.27	0.92 ± 0.18	8.2	.445	.037
Step time variability, CV	3.64 ± 1.03	2.95 ± 1.97	19.0	4.38 ± 2.81	3.42 ± 2.02	21.9	.734	.007
Fear of falling
Falls Efficacy scale, score	28.20 ± 8.30	31.10 ± 9.46	−10.3	35.10 ± 13.18	32.60 ± 14.83	7.1	.308	.061

Data presented as mean ± standard deviation

^apositive scores indicate improvement

^bP-values from ANCOVA comparing the effect of the intervention on outcome parameters at follow-up adjusting for baseline values

^cEffect size eta squared from ANCOVA; CoM, center of mass; ML, medial-lateral; AP, anterior-posterior; CV= coefficient of variation.