In vitro delivery of antigen and adjuvant to bone marrow derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) using BCNs. (a) Schematic of the experimental process. TLR4 agonist MPL was loaded into BCNs with model protein antigen ovalbumin (Ova) by FNP. BCNs were incubated with BMDCs for 14 hours, which were then assessed for activation and antigen presentation by flow cytometry. (b) Activation of BMDCs by BCN formulations was determined by upregulation of cell surface markers CD80, CD86 and CD40. Antigen processing and presentation were determined using a fluorescent antibody specific for the SIINFEKL/MHCI complex. For comparison, polymersome (PS) formulations loaded with Ova and MPL were also tested. Floating bars represent min, mean, and max values, n = 3. Significance determined by 1-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparisons test.