Table 2. Xylose Conversion and Furfural Selectivity and Yield for H₂SO₄ and Heterogeneous Zeolites at Different Temperatures^a.

				furfural
catalyst	temperature (K)	time (h)	xylose conversion (%)	selectivity (%)	yield (%)
0.02 M H2SO4	423	6	35	66	23
	443	6	82	62	51
	463	2	87	69	60
SAPO-34/5A bead	423	6	53	31	16
	443	6*	87	37	32
	463	3	95	47	45
SAPO-34 powder	423	6	27	31	8
	443	6	80	43	34
	463	3	85	46	39
SAPO-34C powder	423	6	17	37	6
	443	6*	53	51	27
	463	3	57	54	31
5A bead	423	6	75	13	10
	443	6	95	20	20
	463	3	97	21	21
no catalyst	423	6	10	69	7
	443	6	41	51	21
	463	3	58	54	31

^aReaction conditions: 2 wt % xylose, 4 mL H₂O, and 0.02 M H₂SO₄ or 0.048 g of catalyst. Experimental error is ±4%, based on multiple trials of reactions marked with an asterisk.