TABLE 1. Reported leptospirosis cases and cumulative incidence in five Latin American countries, 2014.

Country	Reported cases	Incidence per 100 000 population	Epidemiological aspects
Brazil	3 974	2.0	Leptospirosis is endemic in Brazil throughout the year. In 2014, large outbreaks were mainly detected after floods, and 84% of the cases occurred in urban areas. Brazil has a strategy to tackle the disease by defining priority municipalities based on several indicators, such as incidence, mortality, response capacity, and reference hospitals for patient care.
Colombia	867	1.8	In Colombia, leptospirosis outbreaks are most common during the fourth quarter of the year, which is when the greatest number of floods is expected. In 2014, 66% of the cases came from five departments (the first subnational administrative level) located in the mountainous Andean region.
Cuba	175	1.6	Leptospirosis is endemic in Cuba, with a potential for outbreaks. There has been a marked decrease in the number of cases since 1994, when a high number of human cases occurred and an emergency plan was developed that included the distribution of a nationally produced vaccine to at-risk groups.
Honduras	22	0.3	Leptospirosis is among the nine diseases considered under a national strategic plan for battling neglected tropical diseases. In 2014, two departments in the eastern part of the country had the highest number of cases, and only a few cases were reported in the western part of the country. A majority of cases (55%) occurred in rural areas.
Peru	2 329	7.6	Leptospirosis in Peru is mainly limited to forested areas in the eastern part of the country. One of the areas most affected by outbreaks is the city of Iquitos (region of Loreto), due to floods linked to the Amazon River overflow. The incidence in Loreto increased from under 1.0 per 100 000 population in 2012 to over 6.0 per 100 000 in 2014.

Source: Information presented by representatives from the five countries at the Rio de Janeiro November 2015 meeting.