LOW RISK The study protocol is available and all of the study’s pre‐specified (primary and secondary) outcomes that are of interest in the review have been reported in the pre‐specified way

HIGH RISK Any one of the following: • Not all of the study’s pre‐specified primary outcomes have been reported • One or more outcomes of interest in the review are reported incompletely so that they cannot be entered in a meta‐analysis, or any data excluded from the analysis despite the data being available • The study report fails to include results for a key outcome that would be expected to have been reported for such a study

UNCLEAR RISK Insufficient information to permit judgement of ‘Yes’ or ‘No’. • No protocol is available