TABLE 1. Research on price elasticity of demand for cigarettes, including study method, type of data, country, country income group, and price elasticity with confidence intervals (CIs), Latin America and the Caribbean, 2014.

Author (year; reference no.)	Method	Data	Country	Income group	Price elasticity	CIs
Martinez et al. (2015) (13)	VECMa	Sales	Argentina	UMICb	-0.15	-0.11 to-0.19
Alcaraz (006) (14)	2SLSc	Sales	Bolivia	LMICb	-0.85	-0.04 to-1.66
Iglesias et al. (2007) (15)	OLSe	P&T	Brazil	UMIC	-0.27	-0.10 to-0.40
Debrott Sánchez (2006) (16)	GARCHf	Sales	Chile	HICg	-0.22	-0.20 to-0.24
Maldonado et al. (2016) (21)	2SLS	Sales	Colombia	UMIC	-0.79	-0.09 to-1.48
Ramos-Carbajales et al. (2016) (22)	VECM	Sales	El Salvador	LMIC	-0.93	-0.74 to-1.12
Gutiérrez (2010)h(12)	OLS	Tax	Guatemala	LMIC	-0.74	-0.61 to-0.81
van Walbeek et al. (2005) (17)	OLS	P&Ti	Jamaica	UMIC	-0.23	0.13 to-0.59
Olivera-Chávez et al. (2010) (18)	OLS	P&T	Mexico	UMIC	-0.14	0.04 to-0.32
Herrera Ballesteros (2013) (19)	OLS	Imports	Panama	UMIC	-0.63	0.02 to-1.28
Gonzalez-Rozada & Ramos-Carbajales (2016) (23)	OLS	P&T	Peru	UMIC	-0.69	-0.06 to-1.32
Ramos & Curti (2006) (20)	2SLS	Sales	Uruguay	HIC	-0.34	-0.15 to-0.53

Source:Various authors as cited.

^aVECM: vector error correction model.

^bUMIC: upper-middle-income country.

^c2SLS: two-stage least squares.

^d2SLS: two-stage least squares.

^eOLS: ordinary least squares.

^fGARCH: generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity.

^gHIC: high-income country.

^hUnpublished data cited in (12).

ⁱP&T: production and trade.