TABLE 2. Clinical markers among individuals with self-reported persistent arthralgia (PA) and those with full recovery at 6 months after Chikungunya virus infection, Mexico, 2015.
Clinical markers |
PA |
Recovery |
|
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n |
(%) |
n |
(%) |
Pa |
|
Sex | |||||
Female |
43 |
(75.4) |
49 |
(62.0) |
0.099 |
Age (years) | |||||
≥ 40 |
37 |
(64.9) |
36 |
(45.6) |
0.026 |
Severity of articular pain diseaseb | |||||
Mild–moderate |
5 |
(8.8) |
7 |
(8.9) |
0.986 |
Severe |
52 |
(91.2) |
72 |
(91.1) |
|
Length (days) of severe (incapacitating) articular pain | |||||
1-14 |
22 |
(38.6) |
43 |
(54.4) |
0.130 |
15–30 |
12 |
(21.1) |
9 |
(11.4) |
|
> 30 |
23 |
(40.4) |
27 |
(34.2) |
|
Associated signs and symptoms | |||||
Rash |
50 |
(87.7) |
62 |
(78.5) |
0.163 |
Headache |
49 |
(86.0) |
40 |
(88.6) |
0.646 |
Gastrointestinal manifestationsc |
27 |
(47.4) |
28 |
(35.4) |
0.162 |
Fatigue |
73 |
(92.4) |
55 |
(96.5) |
0.318 |
Number of painful joints | |||||
≥ 8 |
29 |
(50.9) |
28 |
(35.4) |
0.072 |
Articular effusion (any site) | |||||
Yes |
49 |
(86.0) |
59 |
(74.7) |
0.108 |
Personal history of | |||||
Type 2 diabetes mellitus |
9 |
(15.8) |
10 |
(12.7) |
0.603 |
Arterial hypertension |
15 |
(26.3) |
15 |
(19.0) |
0.309 |
Osteoarthritis |
9 |
(15.8) |
8 |
(10.1) |
0.324 |
Any chronic disease |
28 |
(49.1) |
28 |
(35.4) |
0.110 |
Self-reported hyperuricemia | |||||
Yes | |||||
Articular pain at 3 months (any site) | |||||
Yes |
50 |
(87.7) |
35 |
(44.3) |
> 0.001 |
Sites of articular pain at 6 months from acute disease | |||||
Hands |
34 |
(59.6) |
NAe |
NA |
|
Wrists |
27 |
(47.4) |
NA |
NA |
|
Shoulders |
11 |
(19.3) |
NA |
NA |
|
Hips |
8 |
(14.0) |
NA |
NA |
|
Knees |
29 |
(50.9) |
NA |
NA |
|
Ankles |
33 |
(57.9) |
NA |
NA |
|
Feet |
34 |
(59.6) |
NA |
NA |
|
Otherd |
12 |
(21.1) |
NA |
NA |
|
Severity of articular pain at 6 months from acute disease | |||||
Mild-moderate |
36 |
(63.2) |
NA |
NA |
|
Severe |
21 |
(36.8) |
NA |
NA |
|
Source: This table was prepared by the authors from the results of research.
P = P value from chi-square test.
A self-report numeric rating scale (NRS) ranging from 0 to10 was used: mild – moderate, < 7; severe, ≥ 7.
Gastrointestinal manifestations = diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal pain.
Other sites = elbows, neck, and back (upper/lower).
NA = Not applicable