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Raman spectra for water in the bridge structure. The full line indicates the spectrum for Vappl = 3 kV, and the dashed line shows the spectrum for Vappl = 0 V. The 3 kV dc voltage applied between the two pointed Pt electrodes (Ø ≈ 1 mm and separated by 3 mm) results in an electric field intensity of ∼106 V/m.
