Table 1. Comparisons of characteristics in patients with drug-related hospitalizations (DRHs) versus non-drug-related hospitalizations (non-DRHs) in the study population (n = 395a).
| Characteristic | DRHs (n = 155) | Non-DRHs (n = 240) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female/male | 79/76 | 135/105 | 0.304 |
| Age, median (range) | 78.4 (32.9–94.9) | 80.3 (23.1–96.4) | 0.666 |
| Number of prescribed drugs, median (range) | |||
| • Regular | 9 (4–19) | 8 (4–19) | 0.107 |
| • As needed | 2 (0–10) | 2 (0–11) | 0.174 |
| Living at home before admittance, n (%) | 146 (94) | 218 (91) | 0.225 |
| Assistance with drug administration: | |||
| • Nursing home, n (%) | 9 (6) | 22 (9) | 0.225 |
| • Multidose, n (%) | 46 (30) | 49 (20) | 0.035 |
| • Home care, n (%) | 30 (19) | 31 (13) | 0.084 |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index, median score (range) | 3 (0–11) | 3 (0–11) | 0.189 |
| mean score (SD) | 2.77 (1.97) | 3.12 (2.16) | |
| Body-mass index b, median (range) | 23.8 (14.4–48.4) | 25.0 (13.1–43.0) | 0.145 |
| Glomerular filtration rate (ml/min), median (range) | 49.0 (9–182) | 52.5 (5–235) | 0.268 |
| CYP2D6 poor metabolizers c, n (%) | 8 (5) | 20 (9) | 0.214 |
| CYP2C19 poor metabolizers c, n (%) | 4 (3) | 11 (5) | 0.289 |
| CYP2C9 *3 carriers c, n (%) | 18 (12) | 23 (10) | 0.569 |
| SLCO1B1 *5 carriers c, n (%) | 38 (25) | 66 (29) | 0.472 |
a Nine of the included patients were excluded from the comparison since defining hospitalizations as drug-related or not was impossible.
b Body-mass index was registered for 121/155 patients with DRHs and 175/240 patients with non-DRHs.
c Blood samples for genotyping were available for 150 patients (SLCO1B1) and 151 patients (cytochrome P450 (CYP)-enzymes) of 155 patients with DRHs and 230/240 patients with non-DRH