. 2017 Dec 7;2(12):8689–8696. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01566

Table 2. Optimization Studies Using Heterogeneous NP Catalysts^a.

entry	catalyst	base	solvent	yield (%)^b
1	rGO-CuPd	NaOAc	DMSO	46
2	rGO-CuPd	NaOAc	DMSO/H₂O^c	37
3	rGO-CuPd	NaOAc	DMSO/H₂O^d	62
4^e	rGO-CuPd	NaOAc	DMSO/H₂O^d	51
5^f	rGO-CuPd	NaOAc	DMSO/H₂O^d	44
6	rGO-CuPd	NaOAc	DMF/H₂O^g	<5
7	rGO-CuPd	NaOAc	DMA/H₂O^h	55
8	Pd/Cⁱ	NaOAc	DMSO/H₂O^d	26
9	rGO-CuPd	KOAc	DMSO/H₂O^d	43
10	rGO-CuPd	K₂CO₃	DMSO/H₂O^d	32
11	rGO-CuPd	Cs₂CO₃	DMSO/H₂O^d	21
12	rGO-Cu₃₂Pd₆₈	NaOAc	DMSO/H₂O^d	19
13^j	rGO-Cu₇₅Pd₂₅	NaOAc	DMSO/H₂O^d	<5

Reaction conditions: 0.13 mmol 5, 0.15 mmol 6a, 0.65 mmol base, 4.0 mg of nanocatalyst (rGO-CuPd contains 6.5 wt % Pd corresponding to 0.0024 mmol Pd and 1.8 mol % Pd loading), 120 °C, 24 h.

Isolated yields.

DMSO/H₂O = 5:1.

DMSO/H₂O = 10:1.

2.0 mg of nanocatalyst was used.

T = 100 °C.

DMF/H₂O = 10:1.

DMA/H₂O = 10:1.

ⁱ

10 wt % Pd on carbon (5.0 mg).

5.0 mg of catalyst was used.

Table 2. Optimization Studies Using Heterogeneous NP Catalystsa.

Table 2. Optimization Studies Using Heterogeneous NP Catalysts^a.