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. 2019 Jun 12;8(12):e012673. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.119.012673

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© 2019 The Authors. Published on behalf of the American Heart Association, Inc., by Wiley.

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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The pentose phosphate pathway in the heart. The oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) generates NADPH and ribulose 5‐phoshpate (ribulose 5‐P), which are mainly used for anabolism. The nonoxidative phase of PPP stimulates the interconversion of 5‐carbon sugars with a series of reversible reactions. Whereas acute activation of the PPP confers cardioprotection against oxidative stress, persistent upregulation of the PPP may exacerbate oxidative damage and contribute to cardiomyopathies. 6GPD indicates 6‐phosphogluconate dehydrogenase; fructose 6‐P, fructose 6‐phosphate; G6PD, glucose 6‐phosphate dehydrogenase; GLUT, glucose transporter; glyceraldehyde 3‐P, glyceraldehyde 3‐phosphate; HK, hexokinase; ribose 5‐P, ribose 5‐phosphate; xylulose 5‐P, xylulose 5‐phosphate.