Table 2.
Psychological Factors and Elevated Psychological Distresses of Patients With HFrEF Versus Those With HFpEF at Baseline
| Variables | Patients With HFrEF | Patients With HFpEF | P Valuea |
|---|---|---|---|
| Psychological factor, median±IQR | |||
| State‐Anxiety Subscale scores | 35±11 | 35±11 | 0.447 |
| Trait‐Anxiety Subscale scores | 33±13 | 32.5±11 | 0.606 |
| BDI‐II scores | 4±4.5 | 3±4 | 0.031 |
| Elevated psychological distress, n (%) | |||
| State‐Anxiety Subscale scores ≧40 | 50 (31.6) | 31 (28.7) | 0.684 |
| Trait‐Anxiety Subscale scores ≧40 | 43 (27.2) | 26 (24.1) | 0.573 |
| BDI‐II scores ≧14 | 16 (10.1) | 4 (3.7) | 0.050 |
BDI‐II indicates Beck Depression Inventory‐II; HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; HFrEF, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; IQR, interquartile range.
a
Fisher's exact test was used for categorical variables, and the median test was used for continuous variables because of nonnormal distribution.