Table 2:

Univariate and multivariate analysis of endocrine function post pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) and distal pancreatectomy (DP).(IDDM = insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, NIDDM = non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus)

	Univariate	Multivariable
	P value	P value	HR (95% CI)
Age	0.51
Gender	0.11	p=0.015	1.33 (1.06–1.66)
Race (Caucasian vs. Other)	0.37
Body Mass Index (BMI)†	<.0001	p=0.0002	1.03 (1.02–1.05)
Tobacco Use (Yes vs. No/In past)	0.12	p=0.011
Smoker vs. Non-smoker			1.28 (0.96–1.70)
Ex-smoker vs. Non-smoker			1.48 (1.14–1.93)
Alcohol Abuse (No vs. Yes)	0.31
Family History Diabetes	<.0001	p=0.0002
Yes vs. No			1.71 (1.29-2.28)
Unknown vs. No			1.12 (0.83–1.52)
Tumor Type (Malignant vs. Benign)	p=0.47
Pancreatitis	p=0.56
Steatorrhea	p=0.082
Jaundice	p=0.057
Weight Loss	p=0.36
Albumin†	p=0.30
Bilirubin†	p=0.13
Pre-operative Diabetes	p<.0001	p<.0001
None vs. Type 2 NIDDM			0.27 (0.21–0.34)
Type 1 IDDM vs. Type 2 NIDDM			0.00 (0.00-.)
Type 2 IDDM vs. Type 2 NIDDM			0.00 (0.00-1.2E242)
Operation (DP vs. PD)	p<.0001	p<.0001	1.99 (1.53-2.60)

^†Analyzed as a continuous variables