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. 2019 Jul 22;10:3257. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-11136-6

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 7 — Wnt controls TGF-β signaling. β-catenin OE animals exhibit constitutively activated Wnt signaling, leading to the formation of multiple heads and axes. a Multiple head phenotype can be rescued with a 28 day treatment of 2 µM K02288 leading to animals with a single axis and one head. Scale bar = 2 mm. b Treatment of β-catenin OE Hydra polyps reduces the number of heads per polyp compared to DMSO treated controls. Boxplots show median (horizontal line), upper and lower quantile (box), lower and upper 1.5 times interquartile range (whiskers), and outliers (points). n = 12 polyps (day 0), 33 polyps (DMSO, day 20), 70 polyps (K02288, day 20), ***p ≤ 0.001, U-test. c Low concentration ALP treatment (10 nM) reduces the number of epithelial cells per polyp, compared to DMSO treated controls. Simultaneous treatment with 2 µM LDN-193189 rescued the ALP induced small phenotype and polyps grew to larger sizes compared to the control treatment. n = 39 samples (DMSO), 36 samples (ALP), 22 samples (ALP + LDN193189), **p ≤ 0.01 ***p ≤ 0.001, U-test + FDR-correction