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. 2019 Jul 22;9:10564. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-46661-3

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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The surgical anatomy of sural nerve (Sural n.); middle (A,B) and distal (C,D) portion of the leg. (A,B) The sural nerve (white arrow head) ran parallel to the short saphenous vein (SSV, blue rubber tape), and ran medial side of the gastrocnemius (Gc) lateral head (Lateral h.). Thereafter, two nerves (yellow arrow heads) were merging to the sural nerve at the midpoint of the lower leg. (C,D) In the distal portion of lower leg, the sural nerve was passed posterior to the lateral malleolus (LM). Thereafter, the sural nerve penetrated the deep fascia and went into the foot area. AT: Achilles tendon. Gc (Lateral h.): Gastrocnemius lateral head.