TABLE 3.
Descriptive statistics: bivariate correlations, means, and standard deviations.
Variable | 1. | 2. | 3. | 4. | 5. | 6. | 7. | 8. | 9. | 10. | 11. | 12. | 13. | 14. | 15. |
1. Need for stimulation | |||||||||||||||
2. Avoidance of rest | –0.02 | ||||||||||||||
3. Cyberbullying | 0.21 | 0.06 | |||||||||||||
4. Face-to-face bullying | 0.20 | 0.02 | 0.62 | ||||||||||||
5. Cyber perceived anonymity | 0.06 | –0.08 | 0.01 | 0.01 | |||||||||||
6. Cyber perceived audience size | 0.12 | –0.07 | –0.03 | 0.04 | 0.42 | ||||||||||
7. Cyber perceived lack of authorities | 0.10 | –0.04 | –0.02 | –0.03 | 0.31 | 0.40 | |||||||||
8. Cyber perceived immediacy of reactions by others | 0.11 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.07 | 0.32 | 0.35 | 0.35 | ||||||||
9. Face-to-face perceived anonymity | 0.06 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.16 | 0.04 | 0.14 | |||||||
10. Face-to-face perceived audience size | 0.05 | –0.06 | 0.04 | 0.10 | 0.09 | –0.04 | –0.01 | 0.02 | 0.37 | ||||||
11. Face-to-face perceived lack of authorities | 0.05 | –0.04 | 0.08 | 0.15 | –0.04 | 0.08 | 0.10 | 0.08 | 0.38 | 0.40 | |||||
12. Face-to-face perceived immediacy of reactions by others | 0.04 | –0.01 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.08 | 0.11 | 0.08 | 0.13 | 0.59 | 0.28 | 0.40 | ||||
13. Gender | 0.12 | −0.13 | 0.04 | 0.07 | –0.03 | –0.06 | −0.10 | –0.07 | 0.04 | 0.06 | 0.04 | 0.00 | |||
14. Age | 0.05 | 0.05 | –0.04 | –0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.00 | 0.07 | 0.13 | –0.01 | 0.00 | 0.05 | 0.19 | ||
15. Social media use | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.14 | 0.10 | 0.06 | 0.12 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.06 | 0.02 | −0.16 | –0.08 | |
M | 2.91 | 3.14 | 1.19 | 1.36 | 2.79 | 3.06 | 3.28 | 3.00 | 2.17 | 2.79 | 3.06 | 3.71 | 0.63 | 17.83 | 3.25 |
SD | 0.74 | 0.82 | 0.38 | 0.49 | 1.21 | 1.29 | 1.26 | 1.23 | 1.34 | 1.30 | 1.32 | 1.31 | 2.13 | 1.39 |
N = 523; gender is coded as 0 = females and 1 = males; statistically significant results at α = 0.05 are in boldface.