Macias‐Cervantes 2009.

Study characteristics
Methods	Study design: RCT Intervention period: 12 weeks Follow‐up period (post‐intervention): nil Differences in baseline characteristics: reported Reliable outcomes: reported Protection against contamination: NR Unit of allocation: individual Unit of analysis: individual
Participants	N (controls baseline) = 38 N (controls follow‐up) = 30 N (interventions baseline) = 38 N (interventions follow‐up) =32 Setting: community Recruitment: children aged 6‐9 years attending public schools in 4 neighbourhoods in León, Guanajuato, Mexico Geographic region: Mexico Percentage of eligible population enrolled: NR Median age: intervention: 8 (6.1‐9.1); control: 7.5 (6.9‐8.4) Sex: both male and female
Interventions	Intervention children were instructed to modify their PA to obtain an increase of at least 2500 steps/day over the baseline level. To attain this, 2 strategies were used: to increase incidental PA (i.e. walk to school, to accompany their parents at shopping and to help in the domestic work at home involvement in recreational activities 3 times/week in a Municipal Sport Center (60 min sessions of age‐appropriate recreational activities) PA interventions vs control
Outcomes	Anthropometric measurements: height, weight, waist circumference, triceps skinfold Laboratory measurements: glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, HDL‐C, LDL‐C, HOMA‐IR Basal PA (steps/day, by pedometer) CV fitness (VO2 max): by treadmill Food intake Process evaluation: reported
Implementation‐related factors	Theoretical basis: NR Resources for intervention implementation (e.g. funding needed or staff hours required): NR Who delivered the intervention: reported PROGRESS categories assessed at baseline: reported (gender) PROGRESS categories analysed at outcome: NR Outcomes relating to harms/unintended effects: NR Intervention included strategies to address diversity or disadvantage: NR Economic evaluation: NR
Notes	Funding: non‐industry/unclear "This study was supported in part by grant number FOMIX GTO‐2006‐C01‐31929."
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	Quote: "Randomization was carried out with a lottery"
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	NR
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Not blinded but unlikely to influence results
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	81% retention of participants. Similar numbers of dropouts between groups and reasons for withdrawal recorded
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	Protocol and trial register report sought but not found
Other bias	Low risk	Baseline imbalance reported, but does not affect BMI or skinfold thickness. Children in experimental group were taller with larger waist circumference (P < 0.04). But BMI and skinfold thickness were similar