Figure 1.

Effects of Y‐27632 and other antiglaucoma drugs on collagen gel contraction. A, Representative collagen gel photographs are shown after 24 h of treatment with 10μM Y‐27632, timolol, latanoprost, or TGF‐β. B, Gel contraction (diameter) induced by Y‐27632–treated cells and other drugs was compared with control. Y‐27632 significantly reduced collagen gel contraction, compared with control, while other groups exhibited contraction. Data shown are mean ± SD of three independent experiments in triplicate; data were analysed by one‐way ANOVA, followed by the Dunnett post hoc test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 versus control (NS: nonsignificant). C, Effects of Y‐27632 on human Tenon fibroblast cell morphology. Representative phase contrast images are shown. Y‐27632 induced rounding and retraction of cells (white arrow), while other treatments resulted in spindle‐shaped/elongated fibroblasts (white arrowhead). D, Effect of Y‐27632 on apoptotic cells. Representative images show that Y‐27632 had no effect on apoptotic cells, compared with control. E, F, Effect of Y‐27632 on α‐SMA and vimentin expression. Timolol‐, latanoprost‐, and TGF‐β–treated cells showed increased expression of α‐SMA and vimentin, compared with control. In contrast, Y‐27632 reduced the expression of both proteins. Composite images (E, F) show α‐SMA and vimentin (green) and DAPI‐stained nuclei (blue). Scale bar: 50 μm, n = 3. ANOVA, analysis of variance; DAPI, 4′,6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole; TGF‐β, transforming growth factor‐β; α‐SMA, α‐smooth muscle actin