Table 1. Demographic Characteristics of 367 403 Pregnancies by Frequency of Self-reported Cannabis Use.
| Characteristics | No. (%)a | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cannabis Use in Year Before Pregnancy | Cannabis Use During Pregnancy | |||||||||
| None (n = 334 392) | Monthly or Less (n = 18 744) | Weekly (n = 7038) | Daily (n = 7229) | P Value for χ2 | None (n = 358 077) | Monthly or Less (n = 5080) | Weekly (n = 2423) | Daily (n = 1823) | P Value for χ2 | |
| Age, y | ||||||||||
| 11-17 | 3146 (71.1) | 696 (15.7) | 295 (6.7) | 287 (6.5) | <.001 | 3998 (90.4) | 268 (6.1) | 92 (2.1) | 66 (1.5) | <.001 |
| 18-24 | 44 950 (79.8) | 5490 (9.7) | 2592 (4.6) | 3310 (5.9) | 52 489 (93.2) | 1990 (3.5) | 1032 (1.8) | 831 (1.5) | ||
| 25-34 | 209 403 (92.8) | 9859 (4.4) | 3327 (1.5) | 3074 (1.4) | 221 578 (98.2) | 2271 (1.0) | 1049 (0.5) | 765 (0.3) | ||
| >34 | 76 893 (95.0) | 2699 (3.3) | 824 (1.0) | 558 (0.7) | 80 012 (98.8) | 551 (0.7) | 250 (0.3) | 161 (0.2) | ||
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||||||
| Asian | 59 522 (97.4) | 1172 (1.9) | 247 (0.4) | 152 (0.3) | <.001 | 60 779 (99.5) | 215 (0.4) | 61 (0.1) | 38 (0.1) | <.001 |
| African American | 17 257 (78.6) | 2144 (9.8) | 1084 (4.9) | 1479 (6.7) | 20 052 (91.3) | 927 (4.2) | 530 (2.4) | 455 (2.1) | ||
| Hispanic | 93 030 (90.6) | 5490 (5.3) | 1998 (1.9) | 2207 (2.2) | 100 144 (97.5) | 1497 (1.5) | 596 (0.6) | 488 (0.5) | ||
| Other | 45 822 (92.3) | 2162 (4.4) | 792 (1.6) | 853 (1.7) | 48 497 (97.7) | 619 (1.3) | 283 (0.6) | 230 (0.5) | ||
| White | 118 761 (90.0) | 7776 (5.9) | 2917 (2.2) | 2538 (1.9) | 128 605 (97.4) | 1822 (1.4) | 953 (0.7) | 612 (0.5) | ||
| Median household income, $b | ||||||||||
| <51 583 | 80 460 (87.9) | 5738 (6.3) | 2443 (2.7) | 2908 (3.2) | <.001 | 87 950 (96.1) | 1869 (2.0) | 940 (1.0) | 790 (0.9) | <.001 |
| 51 583 to <70 472 | 82 772 (90.3) | 5040 (5.5) | 1873 (2.0) | 1937 (2.1) | 89 205 (97.4) | 1316 (1.4) | 636 (0.7) | 465 (0.5) | ||
| 70 472 to <92 643 | 84 340 (92.1) | 4310 (4.7) | 1531 (1.7) | 1400 (1.5) | 89 670 (97.9) | 1073 (1.2) | 493 (0.5) | 345 (0.4) | ||
| ≥92 643 | 86 031 (93.7) | 3605 (3.9) | 1178 (1.3) | 969 (1.1) | 90 416 (98.5) | 800 (0.9) | 349 (0.4) | 218 (0.2) | ||
a
Self-reported cannabis use in the year before and during pregnancy was assessed via a questionnaire as part of standard prenatal care (at approximately 8 weeks’ gestation).
b
Data on median household income was missing for 868 women.