Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants according to intervention arm
| Variable | Med-EatPlan + EVOO (n = 1,158) | Med-EatPlan + nuts (n = 1,017) | Control eating plan (n = 1,055) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 67.5 (6.2) | 67.1 (6.1) | 67.7 (6.5) |
| Female sex, n (%) | 635 (54.8) | 481 (47.3) | 562 (53.3) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | |||
| Mean (SD) | 29.7 (3.8) | 29.7 (3.9) | 30.2 (4.3) |
| <25, n (%) | 116 (10.0) | 105 (10.3) | 92 (8.7) |
| 25–30, n (%) | 519 (44.8) | 448 (44.1) | 454 (43.0) |
| >30, n (%) | 523 (45.2) | 464 (45.6) | 509 (48.3) |
| Body weight (kg), mean (SD) | 76.3 (11.8) | 77.1 (12.0) | 77.2 (12.7) |
| Married, n (%) | 921 (79.5) | 783 (77.0) | 790 (74.9) |
| Smoking status, n (%) | |||
| Never | 714 (61.7) | 581 (57.1) | 646 (61.2) |
| Former | 301 (26.0) | 308 (30.3) | 280 (26.5) |
| Current | 143 (12.4) | 128 (12.6) | 129 (12.2) |
| Waist circumference (cm), mean (SD) | 101 (10) | 101 (10) | 102 (11) |
| Waist-to-height ratio, mean (SD) | 0.63 (0.06) | 0.63 (0.06) | 0.64 (0.07) |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 847 (73.1) | 722 (71.0) | 793 (75.2) |
| Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 685 (59.2) | 600 (59.0) | 621 (58.9) |
| Medication use, n (%) | |||
| Oral glucose-lowering medications | 711 (61.4) | 623 (61.3) | 686 (65.0) |
| Lipid-lowering drugs | 545 (47.1) | 456 (44.8) | 495 (46.9) |
| Antihypertensive agents | 774 (66.8) | 651 (64.0) | 708 (67.1) |
| Leisure time physical activity level (MET min/day), mean (SD) | 233 (236) | 257 (258) | 226 (261) |
Data are mean ± SD or n (%). BMI is weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters. The waist-to-height ratio is waist circumference divided by height. Hypertension was defined as a systolic blood pressure of ≥140 mmHg, a diastolic blood pressure of ≥90 mmHg, or the use of antihypertensive therapy. Dyslipidemia was defined as an LDL cholesterol level >160 mg/dL (4.1 mmol/L), an HDL cholesterol level of ≤40 mg/dL (1.0 mmol/L) in men or ≤50 mg/dL (1.3 mmol/L) in women, or the use of lipid-lowering therapy.