Table 2.
Proportion of individuals (all ages and under 5 years) found to be malaria seropositive by species and by antigen in malaria endemic areas of Ethiopia, 2015
| Plasmodium species | Antigens | % seropositive (95% CI) (all ages) | % seropositive (95% CI) (under 5 years) |
|---|---|---|---|
| P. falciparum | MSP-1 | 23.8 (21.4–26.3) | 12.3 (10.6–14.2) |
| AMA-1 | 24.5 (22.4–26.7) | 11.3 (9.8–13.0) | |
| Pf positive (MSP-1 and/or AMA-1) | 32.1 (29.8–34.4) | 18.0 (16.1–20.1) | |
| P. vivax | MSP-1 | 21.2 (19.2–23.4) | 12.3 (10.5–14.4) |
| AMA-1 | 14.4 (12.7–16.2) | 6.7 (5.5–8.0) | |
| Pv positive (MSP-1 and/or AMA-1) | 25.0 (22.7–27.3) | 14.8 (12.7–17.2) | |
| P. malariaea | MSP-1 | 8.6 (7.6–9.7) | 6.1 (5.0–7.3) |
| P. ovale a | MSP-1 | 3.1 (2.5–3.8) | 2.0 (1.4–2.7) |
| Any Plasmodium | Pf (MSP-1/AMA-1) or Pv (MSP-1/AMA-1) or Pm MSP-1 or Po MSP-1 | 44.5 (41.9–47.2) | 30.2 (27.3–33.2) |
| Either P. falciparum or P. vivax | Pf (MSP-1/AMA-1) or Pv (MSP-1/AMA-1) | 41.1 (38.5–43.7) | 26.7 (24.0–29.5) |
| Both P. falciparum and P. vivax | Pf (MSP-1/AMA-1) and Pv (MSP-1/AMA-1) | 6.6 (5.5–8.0) | 1.7 (1.2–2.4) |
Samples positive for Merozoite Surface Protein-1 (MSP-1) and/or Apical Membrane Antigen-1 (AMA-1) for the respective species were considered positive for that species
Pf, Plasmodium falciparum; Pm, Plasmodium malariae; Po, Plasmodium ovale; Pv, Plasmodium vivax
aNormal approach (mean seronegative +3sd) to defining cut-off level used for P. malariae and P. ovale