Table 6.
Cox proportional hazard models for all-cause mortality and loss to follow-up for all patients with an outcome assigned (n = 173,055a)
| Characteristics | Proportion with outcome [Death] |
Crude HR and 95% CI | Adjusted HR and 95% CI | Proportion with outcome [LTFU] |
Crude HR and 95% CI | Adjusted HR and 95% CI | Adjusted sub-HRb and 95% CI |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at start of treatment | <10 (children) | 209 (1.19%) | 0.20 (0.18–0.23) | 0.23 (0.20–0.26) | 640 (3.64%) | 0.60 (0.55–0.65) | 0.63 (0.58–0.69) | 0.64 (0.59–0.71) |
| 10–14 (young adolescents) | 53 (2.71%) | 0.45 (0.34–0.59) | 0.48 (0.37–0.63) | 60 (3.07%) | 0.48 (0.38–0.62) | 0.52 (0.40–0.67) | 0.53 (0.41–0.69) | |
| 15–19 (older adolescents) | 110 (2.94%) | 0.50 (0.42–0.61) | 0.62 (0.52–0.75) | 224 (5.99%) | 0.98 (0.85–1.11) | 1.05 (0.92–1.20) | 1.07 (0.93–1.22) | |
| 20–24 (young adults) | 392 (3.60%) | 0.62 (0.56–0.69) | 0.72 (0.64–0.79) | 896 (8.22%) | 1.36 (1.27–1.46) | 1.44 (1.34–1.54) | 1.45 (1.35–1.55) | |
| 25–49 (adults) | 6745 (5.80%) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 7082 (6.09%) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| ≥50 (older adults) | 2447 (10.84%) | 1.92 (1.83–2.01) | 2.12 (2.02–2.22) | 1155 (5.11%) | 0.87 (0.81–0.92) | 0.85 (0.80–0.91) | 0.82 (0.77–0.87) | |
| Registration year | 2010 | 1858 (6.49%) | 1.02 (0.95–1.09) | 0.99 (0.93–1.06) | 1855 (6.18%) | 1.12 (1.05–1.19) | 1.04 (0.98–1.11) | 1.04 (0.98–1.12) |
| 2011 | 1835 (6.07%) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1667 (5.52%) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| 2012 | 1607 (5.50%) | 0.91 (0.85–0.97) | 0.91 (0.86–0.98) | 1683 (5.76%) | 1.05 (0.98–1.12) | 1.08 (1.01–1.16) | 1.08 (1.01–1.16) | |
| 2013 | 1655 (5.65%) | 0.94 (0.88–1.00) | 0.96 (0.89–1.02) | 1743 (5.95%) | 1.09 (1.02–1.16) | 1.18 (1.10–1.26) | 1.17 (1.10–1.26) | |
| 2014 | 1550 (5.50%) | 0.92 (0.86–0.98) | 0.98 (0.91–1.06) | 1604 (5.70%) | 1.05 (0.98–1.13) | 1.20 (1.11–1.29) | 1.19 (1.11–1.29) | |
| 2015 | 1451 (5.55%) | 0.93 (0.87–0.99) | 1.05 (0.96–1.15) | 1505 (5.76%) | 1.06 (0.99–1.14) | 1.23 (1.13–1.34) | 1.23 (1.12–1.34) | |
| Sex | Female | 4521 (5.82%) | 1.01 (0.97–1.05) | 1.04 (1.00–1.08) | 3913 (5.03%) | 0.77 (0.74–0.81) | 0.77 (0.74–0.81) | 0.77 (0.74–0.81) |
| Male | 5435 (5.70%) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 6144 (6.45%) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Case definitionc | Bacteriologically confirmed | 6588 (5.52%) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 7162 (6.00%) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Clinically diagnosed | 1711 (6.08%) | 1.08 (1.03–1.14) | 1.34 (1.27–1.42) | 1515 (5.38%) | 0.88 (0.83–0.93) | 1.01 (0.95–1.07) | 1.00 (0.94–1.06) | |
| Missing/unknown | 1657 (6.48%) | 1.15 (1.09–1.21) | 1.49 (1.41–1.58) | 1380 (5.40%) | 0.87 (0.82–0.92) | 1.02 (0.96–1.09) | 1.01 (0.95–1.07) | |
| Patient category | New Patient | 9162 (5.61%) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 9073 (5.56%) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Previously treated | 515 (7.47%) | 1.27 (1.16–1.39) | 1.20 (1.10–1.32) | 705 (10.22%) | 0.72 (1.59–1.85) | 1.70 (1.57–1.84) | 1.71 (1.58–1.85) | |
| Unknown TB treatment history | 279 (9.53%) | 1.62 (1.44–1.83) | 1.40 (1.24–1.57) | 279 (9.53%) | 1.60 (1.42–1.80) | 1.62 (1.43–1.82) | 1.61 (1.42–1.81) | |
| Classification of Disease | Pulmonary TB | 7615 (5.26%) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 8259 (5.71%) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| EPTB | 2341 (8.26%) | 1.46 (1.40–1.53) | 1.19 (1.13–1.25) | 1798 (6.34%) | 1.00 (0.95–1.05) | 1.00 (0.94–1.05) | 1.00 (0.94–1.06) | |
| HIV status | Positive on ART | 4074 (5.98%) | 2.01 (1.89–2.15) | 1.66 (1.56–1.78) | 3452 (5.07%) | 1.00 (0.94–1.05) | 0.91 (0.86–0.96) | 0.80 (0.85–0.95) |
| Positive not on ART | 2277 (8.24%) | 2.86 (2.67–3.07) | 2.50 (2.32–2.69) | 2156 (7.80%) | 1.59 (1.49–1.69) | 1.57 (1.47–1.67) | 1.51 (1.42–1.62) | |
| Positive ART status unknown | 1247 (7.80%) | 2.65 (2.45–2.87) | 2.36 (2.17–2.57) | 954 (5.97%) | 1.18 (1.10–1.28) | 1.21 (1.12–1.31) | 1.18 (1.09–1.28) | |
| Negative | 1162 (2.96%) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1983 (5.05%) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| HIV status unknown | 1196 (5.42%) | 1.85 (1.71–2.01) | 1.79 (1.62–1.91) | 1512 (6.85%) | 1.37 (1.28–1.47) | 1.42 (1.33–1.53) | 1.40 (1.30–1.50) | |
| Treatment supervision (Intensive Phase) | Yes | 1518 (5.49%) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1516 (5.48%) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| No | 7139 (5.87%) | 1.09 (1.03–1.15) | 0.80 (0.76–0.85) | 7124 (5.86%) | 1.10 (1.04–1.16) | 0.80 (0.76–0.85) | 0.81 (0.76–0.86) | |
| Missing | 1299 (5.45%) | 1.01 (0.94–1.09) | 6.45 (5.08–8.19) | 1417 (5.95%) | 1.12 (1.04–1.20) | 11.17 (8.33–14.99) | 10.69 (7.97–14.34) | |
| Treatment supervision (Continuation Phase) | Yes | 77 (0.99%) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 48 (0.63%) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| No | 8581 (6.06%) | 6.66 (5.31–8.35) | 8.03 (6.37–10.12) | 8592 (6.07%) | 10.75 (8.10–14.28) | 12.98 (9.73–17.31) | 12.36 (9.26–16.48) | |
| Missing | 1299 (5.45%) | 5.99 (4.75–7.55) | (omitted) | 1417 (5.95%) | 10.54 (7.91–14.06) | (omitted) | (omitted) | |
| Overall | 9956 (5.75%) | – | – | 10057 (5.81%) | – | – | ||
EPTB extra-pulmonary tuberculosis
aSample excludes patients with no available outcome (i.e. transferred out, outcome not assigned)
bSub-distribution hazard ratios from competing risk regression model proposed by Fine and Gray where death is considered a competing risk
cBacteriologically confirmed includes Xpert MTB/RIF, smear, or culture (and if aspiration/biopsy or cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) was listed, although the corresponding laboratory method was unknown). Clinically diagnosed includes X-ray and tuberculin skin test