Fig. 1.

Schematic of the flow-through, enzyme-amplified immunoelectrochemical sensors. Two different materials (a) glassy carbon and (b) graphite felt were tested as working electrodes during sensor development. Both electrochemical cells utilized Ag/AgCl reference electrodes and platinum wire counter electrodes. The inset (c) depicts the two-site, noncompetitive immunoassay taking place at the surface of the graphite felt where the capture antibody binds the pathogen and the subsequent addition of the conjugate HRP-labeled antibody facilitates the detection of that pathogen through the oxidation of the TMB substrate