Table 1.
Baseline characteristics across quintiles (Q) of food patterns in men and women from the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort
| Women (n = 12,456) Q of health conscious food pattern |
Men (n = 8031) Q of HEALTH CONSCIOUS food pattern |
|||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline characteristics | Beta | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | P trenda | Beta | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | P trenda |
| Age (y) | + 0.32 | 56.3 | 56.9 | 57.3 | 57.6 | 57.6 | < 0.001 | + 0.33 | 57.9 | 58.8 | 58.8 | 59.1 | 59.4 | < 0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | − 0.07 | 25.2 | 25.3 | 25.2 | 25.1 | 25.0 | 0.01 | + 0.05 | 26.0 | 26.1 | 26.0 | 26.1 | 26.2 | 0.09 |
| Energy (MJ/day) | + 0.23 | 8.1 | 8.4 | 8.7 | 8.9 | 9.1 | < 0.001 | + 0.21 | 10.7 | 11.2 | 11.4 | 11.6 | 11.6 | < 0.001 |
| Protein (E%) | + 0.30 | 14.9 | 15.2 | 14.4 | 15.6 | 16.2 | < 0.001 | + 0.26 | 14.6 | 14.8 | 14.9 | 15.2 | 15.7 | < 0.001 |
| Fat (E%) | − 1.0 | 40.2 | 39.2 | 38.8 | 37.7 | 36.1 | < 0.001 | − 0.62 | 40.5 | 40.7 | 40.1 | 39.4 | 38.0 | < 0.001 |
| PUFA (E%) | − 0.14 | 6.2 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 5.8 | 5.6 | < 0.001 | − 0.10 | 6.4 | 6.5 | 6.3 | 6.2 | 6.0 | < 0.001 |
| Carbohydrate (E%) | + 0.66 | 44.9 | 45.6 | 45.8 | 46.6 | 47.7 | < 0.001 | + 0.36 | 44.9 | 44.5 | 45.0 | 45.4 | 46.2 | < 0.001 |
| Fibre (g/MJ) | + 0.21 | 1.8 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 2.7 | < 0.001 | + 0.14 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 2.2 | < 0.001 |
| Sucrose (E%) | − 0.16 | 9.1 | 8.9 | 8.5 | 8.6 | 8.4 | < 0.001 | − 0.25 | 8.6 | 8.2 | 8.2 | 7.8 | 7.6 | < 0.001 |
| Vitamin C (g/MJ) | + 2.4 | 18 | 20 | 21 | 24 | 28 | < 0.001 | + 1.6 | 10.9 | 11.2 | 13.3 | 15.7 | 16.7 | < 0.001 |
| P valueb | P valueb | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alcohol intake, high (g/day) | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 0.39 | 7.7 | 8.3 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 6.9 | 0.71 | ||
| Smokers, ex/current (%) | 63.1 | 56.6 | 54.0 | 51.1 | 52.0 | < 0.001 | 78.2 | 72.5 | 70.6 | 68.7 | 63.4 | < 0.001 | ||
| LTPc activity, high (%) | 13.8 | 17.5 | 19.4 | 20.8 | 25.2 | < 0.001 | 15.1 | 18.2 | 18.2 | 21.4 | 24.6 | < 0.001 | ||
| Education, high (> 10 years) (%) | 21.5 | 27.0 | 29.7 | 34.1 | 38.4 | < 0.001 | 27.1 | 29.2 | 33.5 | 38.1 | 44.3 | < 0.001 |
| Beta | Q of low-fat products pattern | Beta | Q of low-fat products pattern | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) | − 0.004 | 57.4 | 56.7 | 57.1 | 57.1 | 57.2 | 0.94 | − 0.02 | 59.0 | 58.5 | 58.9 | 59.1 | 58.6 | 0.77 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | + 0.40 | 24.2 | 25.0 | 25.2 | 25.5 | 25.9 | < 0.001 | + 0.21 | 25.5 | 26.0 | 26.1 | 26.3 | 26.4 | < 0.001 |
| Energy (MJ/day) | − 0.11 | 9.0 | 8.7 | 8.5 | 8.3 | 8.7 | < 0.001 | − 0.12 | 11.8 | 11.3 | 11.0 | 10.8 | 11.5 | < 0.001 |
| Protein (E%) | + 0.41 | 14.4 | 15.3 | 15.6 | 15.8 | 16.2 | < 0.001 | + 0.41 | 14.0 | 14.8 | 15.2 | 15.3 | 15.8 | < 0.001 |
| Fat (E%) | − 1.60 | 42.3 | 39.4 | 37.8 | 37.1 | 35.4 | < 0.001 | − 1.71 | 43.8 | 41.0 | 39.1 | 38.3 | 36.6 | < 0.001 |
| PUFA (E%) | + 0.18 | 5.4 | 5.7 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 6.1 | < 0.001 | + 0.27 | 5.5 | 6.0 | 6.7 | 6.7 | 6.5 | < 0.001 |
| Carbohydrate (E%) | + 1.2 | 43.3 | 45.3 | 46.6 | 47.1 | 48.3 | < 0.001 | + 1.3 | 42.2 | 44.2 | 45.7 | 46.3 | 47.6 | < 0.001 |
| Fibre (g/MJ) | + 0.07 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.3 | < 0.001 | + 0.08 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | < 0.001 |
| Sucrose (E%) | + 0.05 | 8.6 | 8.7 | 8.7 | 8.8 | 8.8 | 0.02 | − 0.03 | 8.2 | 7.9 | 8.0 | 8.3 | 7.9 | 0.25 |
| Vitamin C (g/MJ) | − 0.14 | 22.0 | 22.5 | 23.1 | 22.5 | 21.1 | 0.49 | + 0.02 | 13.2 | 13.2 | 14.7 | 14.1 | 12.9 | 0.91 |
| P valueb | P valueb | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alcohol intake, high (g/day) | 2.8 | 3.5 | 2.6 | 2.0 | 1.4 | < 0.001 | 11.1 | 9.7 | 7.0 | 5.8 | 4.8 | < 0.001 | ||
| Smokers, ex/current (%) | 61.1 | 55.4 | 53.9 | 54.3 | 52.2 | < 0.001 | 75.8 | 72.0 | 67.6 | 69.7 | 68.4 | < 0.001 | ||
| LTPc activity, high (%) | 20.2 | 20.4 | 19.1 | 18.1 | 19.0 | 0.25 | 17.4 | 19.1 | 20.6 | 21.4 | 19.1 | 0.04 | ||
| Education, high (> 10 years) (%) | 32.8 | 33.4 | 31.7 | 27.9 | 24.7 | < 0.001 | 35.5 | 38.3 | 38.0 | 31.4 | 29.4 | < 0.001 |
| Beta | Q of dressing/vegetables pattern | Beta | Q of dressing/vegetables pattern | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | − 2.1 | 61.3 | 59.1 | 57.2 | 55.5 | 52.6 | < 0.001 | − 1.5 | 61.7 | 60.2 | 59.0 | 57.4 | 55.8 | < 0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | + 0.10 | 25.0 | 25.1 | 25.1 | 25.1 | 25.5 | 0.001 | + 0.12 | 25.8 | 26.0 | 25.9 | 26.2 | 26.3 | < 0.001 |
| Energy (MJ/day) | + 0.03 | 8.5 | 8.6 | 8.7 | 8.7 | 8.6 | 0.06 | − 0.06 | 11.4 | 11.3 | 11.4 | 11.3 | 11.1 | 0.01 |
| Protein (E%) | + 0.20 | 15.2 | 15.2 | 15.4 | 15.6 | 16.0 | < 0.001 | + 0.26 | 14.5 | 14.8 | 15.1 | 15.2 | 15.6 | < 0.001 |
| Fat (E%) | + 0.47 | 37.4 | 37.9 | 38.5 | 39.1 | 39.1 | < 0.001 | + 0.35 | 38.9 | 39.5 | 39.9 | 40.2 | 40.3 | < 0.001 |
| PUFA (E%) | + 0.29 | 5.2 | 5.7 | 6.0 | 6.2 | 6.5 | < 0.001 | + 0.30 | 5.6 | 6.0 | 6.4 | 6.5 | 6.9 | < 0.001 |
| Carbohydrate (E%) | − 0.66 | 47.4 | 46.8 | 46.1 | 45.3 | 44.9 | < 0.001 | − 0.61 | 46.6 | 45.7 | 45.0 | 44.6 | 44.1 | < 0.001 |
| Fibre (g/MJ) | + 0.02 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.3 | < 0.001 | + 0.03 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 2.0 | < 0.001 |
| Sucrose (E%) | − 0.31 | 9.2 | 9.0 | 8.8 | 8.4 | 8.0 | < 0.001 | − 0.40 | 8.9 | 8.4 | 8.0 | 7.9 | 7.2 | < 0.001 |
| Vitamin C (g/MJ) | + 1.3 | 18.9 | 21.0 | 23.2 | 24.1 | 23.8 | < 0.001 | + 1.2 | 11.0 | 12.8 | 13.7 | 14.4 | 16.1 | < 0.001 |
| P valueb | P valueb | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alcohol intake, high (g/day) | 0.8 | 1.3 | 2.0 | 3.2 | 5.0 | < 0.001 | 3.5 | 4.8 | 6.9 | 9.5 | 13.6 | < 0.001 | ||
| Smokers, ex/current (%) | 49.5 | 51.2 | 56.1 | 57.4 | 62.6 | < 0.001 | 71.4 | 71.7 | 70.0 | 69.4 | 71.0 | 0.58 | ||
| LTPc activity, high (%) | 20.1 | 18.1 | 20.1 | 19.5 | 18.9 | 0.34 | 20.0 | 19.7 | 19.5 | 20.2 | 18.1 | 0.57 | ||
| Education, high (> 10 years) (%) | 15.6 | 23.8 | 28.1 | 37.2 | 45.9 | < 0.001 | 19.4 | 27.9 | 34.4 | 43.0 | 47.6 | < 0.001 |
aCalculated with the general linear model. Adjusted for age (continuous) when appropriate
bChi-square test
cLeisure time physical activity, high = 5th quintile