Table 2.

The impact of ProbiotiCKD administration protocol on fecal Lactobacillales and Bifidobacteria concentrations

Mean fecal bacteria concentration (CFU/g)	Placebo group		p value	Probiotics group		p value	p value placebo (AT) vs probiotics (AT)
	Before treatment	After treatment		Before treatment	After treatment
Lactobacillales	2.3 × 103	1.9 × 103	ns	2.1 × 103	2.2 × 106	< 0.001	< 0.001
Bifidobacteria	1.7 × 104	1.8 × 104	ns	1.9 × 104	2.5 × 107	< 0.001	< 0.001

Data are reported as mean ± standard deviation. Statistical significance was set at a p value > 0.05

CFU/g colony-forming unit/g; AT after treatment; ns not significant