Table 4.

Efficacy of tiotropium/olodaterol versus umeclidinium/vilanterol in patients with COPD [31]

LSM change from baseline	UMEC/VIL	TIO/OLO
Per-protocol population (n = 227)
Trough FEV1 (L)
Week 4	0.181**	0.141
Week 8a	0.175***	0.122
Intent-to-treat population (n = 236)
Trough FEV1 (L)
Week 4	0.189***	0.141
Week 8	0.180***	0.128
FVC (L)
Week 4	0.214*	0.174
Week 8	0.202***	0.135
Inspiratory capacity (L)
Week 4	0.164**	0.112
Week 8	0.169**	0.122
Rescue medication use (no. puffs/day)b	− 0.94***	− 0.68
No. of rescue medication-free daysb	8.04	6.13
CAT score
Week 4	− 1.60*	− 1.01
Week 8	− 1.38	− 1.26

CAT COPD Assessment Test, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, FEV₁ forced expiratory volume in 1 s, FVC forced vital capacity, LSM least squares mean, OLO olodaterol, TIO tiotropium, UMEC umeclidinium, VIL vilanterol

*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 vs. TIO/OLO

^aPrimary endpoint

^bDuring weeks 1–8