Table 2.
Clinical and Biochemical Characteristics of the Study Patients With Different CKD Stages
| CKD classification | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Stage 3 (n=24) | Stage 4 (n=21) | Stage 5 (n=22) | Stage 5 HD (n=36) | P‐value |
| Age (years) | 60.8±8.6 | 59.4±9.3 | 60.3±12.4 | 61.0±8.9 | NS |
| Male (%) | 70.3% | 42.9% | 40.9% | 54.1% | NS |
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 29.2% | 38.1% | 27.3% | 41.1% | NS |
| Hypertension (%) | 38.4% | 42.2% | 63.5% | 84.5% | P<0.01 |
| CVD (%) | 12.5% | 14.3% | 22.7% | 39.5% | NS |
| SBP (mmHg) | 130.8±16.5 | 135.6±15.9 | 145.0±17.3 | 151.4±19.2 | NS |
| DBP (mmHg) | 72.1±12.7 | 71.4±11.4 | 77.2±13.7 | 85.7±15.2 | NS |
| Albumin (g/cIL) | 4.2±0.2 | 4.1±0.2 | 3.8±0.2 | 3.9±0.3 | NS |
| Hemoglobin (g/L) | 11.6±1.7 | 11.9±1.8 | 9.8±1.6 | 10.4±1.5 | P<0.01 |
| Hematocrit (%) | 33.9±5.4 | 34.9±5.4 | 29.6±5.0 | 31.1±4.7 | P=0.03 |
| BUN (mg/dL) | 26.5±8.6 | 40.4±11.7 | 62.5±24.3 | 78.2±14.2 | P<0.01 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.8±0.5 | 2.8±0.8 | 6.8±2.7 | 11.1±2.2 | P<0.01 |
| eGFR (ml/min) | 39.2±10.8 | 21.1±4.4 | 9.5±9.4 | 4.5±1.1 | P<0.01 |
| Calcium (mg/dL) | 9.2±0.3 | 9.1±0.4 | 8.9±0.7 | 9.0±0.7 | NS |
| Phosphate (mg/dL) | 4.1±0.5 | 4.3±0.6 | 4.9±0.9 | 5.3±1.5 | P<0.01 |
| Indoxyl sulfate (mg/L) | 3.2±3.0 | 5.4±3.6 | 19.9±10.5 | 42.5±15.6 | P<0.01 |
| p‐Cresylsulfate (mg/L) | 4.8±4.3 | 5.9±5.6 | 12.4±7.9 | 21.8±12.4 | P<0.01 |
Continuous variables are expressed in mean±SD and the categorical variables in percentage of cases (%). ANOVA was used for continuous variables and χ2 test for categorical variables. SBP, systolic blood pressure; CVD, cardiovascular disease; DBP, diastolic blood pressure.