Fig. 4.

Effects of EWH or IRW on p38 and JNK1/2 activation in TNF-α-treated L6 myotubes. The myotubes were treated with 5 mg/ml of EWH or 100 µM of IRW for 2 h followed by the treatment with 5 ng/ml of TNF-α for 0.5 h. The cells were lysed and western blotting of the lysates was performed with antibodies against p-p38 (a, c), p-38 (a, c), p-JNK1/2 (b, d), JNK1/2 (b, d), and α-tubulin (loading control). A set of representative images was shown. Data were presented as mean ± SEM of three independent experiments. Single asterisk indicates p < 0.05 as compared to insulin alone. Double asterisk indicates p < 0.05 as compared to insulin and TNF-α. ^#p < 0.05 as compared to TNF-α alone