Table 1. Obtained Results from the Optimization of Heck Coupling Reaction onto the Surface of Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@Vinyl MNPs.

entry	method	solvent	AgNO3 (mg)	time (h)	sulfur (wt %)
1	reflux	W/P		24	0.7
2	reflux	W/P	25	24	1.47
3	reflux	W/P	50	24	1.79
4	reflux	DMF	25	12	3.4
5	reflux	DMF	50	12	3.46a
6	reflux	W/E	50	12	1.77
7	autoclave	DMF	50	12	1.65
8	autoclave	DMF	50	24	3.43
9	ultrasound	W/P	50	1	0.96
10	ultrasound	W/P	50	3	1.24

^aOptimum condition, W/P: water–PEG-200 [1:1], W/E: water–ethanol [1:1].