Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics According to Results of CUS Examination
| Positive CUS, n = 182 | Negative CUS, n = 165 | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 62 ± 7 | 60 ± 8 | <0.001 |
| Male sex | 103 (56.6) | 86 (52.1) | 0.404 |
| Hypertension duration, y | 5.3 ± 6.0 | 4.0 ± 4.3 | 0.024 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.7 ± 2.9 | 25.1 ± 3.0 | 0.053 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 87.3 ± 9.2 | 86.7 ± 9.8 | 0.630 |
| Family history of premature CAD | 32 (17.6) | 17 (10.4) | 0.055 |
| DM | 28 (15.4) | 17 (10.3) | 0.159 |
| Dyslipidemia | 139 (76.4) | 120 (72.7) | 0.436 |
| Smoking | 0.438 | ||
| Current smoker | 28 (15.4) | 34 (20.6) | |
| Past smoker | 50 (27.5) | 41 (24.9) | |
| Nonsmoker | 104 (57.1) | 90 (54.5) | |
| SBP, mm Hg | 136 ± 18 | 134 ± 13 | 0.376 |
| DBP, mm Hg | 83 ± 12 | 83 ± 10 | 0.627 |
| TG, mg/dL | 138 ± 71 | 156 ± 96 | 0.040 |
| LDL‐C, mg/dL | 115 ± 35 | 110 ± 32 | 0.198 |
| HDL‐C, mg/dL | 51 ± 12 | 52 ± 19 | 0.402 |
| TC, mg/dL | 189 ± 37 | 186 ± 37 | 0.555 |
| FBG, mg/dL | 108 ± 31 | 107 ± 26 | 0.824 |
| HbA1c, % | 6.3 ± 1.2 | 6.1 ± 1.0 | 0.206 |
| Cr, mg/dL | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.677 |
| Medications | |||
| Antihypertensive agents | 120 (65.9) | 119 (72.1) | 0.214 |
| Lipid‐lowering agents | 72 (39.6) | 62 (37.6) | 0.705 |
| Antiplatelet agents | 72 (39.6) | 47 (28.5) | 0.030 |
| FRS | 0.005 | ||
| FRS <10% | 73 (46.5) | 84 (65.6) | |
| FRS 10%–20% | 71 (45.2) | 33 (26.4) | |
| FRS >20% | 13 (8.3) | 8 (6.4) |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CAD, coronary artery disease; cIMT, carotid intima‐media thickness; Cr, creatinine; CUS, carotid ultrasound; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; DM, diabetes mellitus; FBG, fasting blood glucose; FRS, Framingham Risk Score; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HDL‐C, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL‐C, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides.
Data are presented as means ± SD or as n (%). Subjects with carotid plaque or cIMT >0.9 mm were classified in the positive CUS group as recommended by the European Society of Cardiology.19