Table 3.

Univariate and Multivariate Odds Ratios For Major Electrocardiogram Abnormalities as Predicted by Serum 25‐OH Vitamin D Levels in Subjects Without Left Ventricular Hypertrophy

		Odds Ratio	95% Confidence Interval	P Value
Continuous variable
Model 1		0.98	0.96‐0.99	0.005
Model 2		0.98	0.96‐0.99	0.007
Model 3		0.98	0.96‐0.99	0.004
Categorical variable
Model 1	Group 1	Referent
	Group 2 vs group 1	2.25	0.88‐5.74	0.09
	Group 3 vs group 1	2.91	1.05‐8.06	0.04
Model 2	Group 1	Referent
	Group 2 vs group 1	2.29	0.9‐5.79	0.08
	Group 3 vs group 1	2.84	1.02‐7.87	0.04
Model 3	Group 1	Referent
	Group 2 vs group 1	2.36	0.94‐5.9	0.07
	Group 3 vs group 1	2.97	1.1‐8.08	0.03

Abbreviations: 25‐OH, 25‐hydroxy.

Model 1 was adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity. Model 2 was adjusted for traditional cardiovascular risk factors cigarette smoking, systolic blood pressure, family history of premature myocardial infarction <50 years of age, and ratio of total cholesterol to high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol in addition to Model 1. Model 3 was adjusted for estimated glomerular filtration rate, body mass index, serum phosphorus, C‐reactive protein, and left ventricular hypertrophy in addition to Model 2. Age, systolic blood pressure, ratio of total cholesterol to high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, and body mass index were log‐transformed to achieve normal distribution. Group 1: Referent, vitamin D >40 ng/mL. Group 2: vitamin D 20.01–40 ng/mL. Group 3: vitamin D ≤20 ng/mL. This analysis was conducted on individuals without left ventricular hypertrophy (n = 4253).