Table 1.
Patient and Control Group Characteristics
| Variable | PAH Patients, n = 25 | Controls, n = 25 | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y, mean (SD) | 35 (13) | 34 (13) | 0.06 |
| Female gender, No. [%] | 15 [60] | 15 [60] | 1.00 |
| BMI, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 24.5 (5.0) | 23.3 (3.6) | 0.10 |
| Etiology | |||
| Idiopathic, No. [%] | 13 [52] | NA | |
| CHD‐associated, No. [%] | 12 [48] | NA | |
| 6MWT, m, mean (SD) | 460 (108) | NA | |
| NYHA functional class, No. [%] | |||
| I | 4 [16] | NA | |
| II | 11 [44] | NA | |
| III | 9 [36] | NA | |
| IV | 1 [4] | NA | |
| Hemodynamic parameters, mean (SD) | |||
| mPAP, mmHg | 55 (21) | NA | |
| CI mean, L/min/m2 | 2.9 (0.5) | NA | |
| PVR mean, Woods units | 11.3 (5.2) | NA | |
| Laboratory data, mean (SD) | |||
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 16.3 (3.7) | 14 (1.5) | 0.04 |
| Glucose, mg/dL | 71 (25) | 80 (11) | 0.10 |
| Insulin, µg/mL | 7.4 (5.4) | 7.5 (2.7) | 0.90 |
| HDL, mg/dL | 47 (11) | 58 (12) | 0.01 |
| TG, mg/dL | 86 (41) | 99 (75) | 0.41 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 0.8 (0.2) | 0.8 (0.1) | 0.35 |
| ProBNP, ng/mL, median {IQR} | 381 {1026} | 26 {21} | 0.001 |
| Specific PAH medication [%] | |||
| Ca2+ channel blocker | 4 [16] | NA | |
| Phosphodiesterase inhibitors | 14 [56] | NA | |
| Endothelin receptor antagonists | 23 [92] | NA | |
| Prostanoids | 5 [20] | NA |
Abbreviations: 6MWT, 6‐minute walking test; BMI, body mass index; CHD, congenital heart disease; CI, cardiac index; HDL, high‐density lipoprotein; IQR, interquartile range; mPAP, mean pulmonary arterial pressure; NA, not applicable; NYHA, New York Heart Association; PAH, pulmonary arterial hypertension; ProBNP, pro‐brain natriuretic peptide; PVR, pulmonary vascular resistance; SD, standard deviation; TG, triglycerides.
Data are described as mean (SD) or median (IQR) for continuous variables and counts (%) for categorical values.